下颌骨骨折骨断端生物力学特性的三维模型研究

目的研究下颌骨不同部位骨折断端的生物力学特性，指导临床术后患者进行合理的功能性咀嚼运动。方法精确测量9个成年男性下颌骨标本，建立下颌骨三维力学研究模型。分别计算在下颌牙列不同咬合点功能负载时下颌角、下颌体颏孔区及下颌正中联合区3个骨折好发部位骨折断端截面上的弯矩、扭矩及剪应力。应用Origin 6.0数据处理软件分析。结果下颌角区骨折断端截面上具有相对较高的正弯矩及剪应力；下颌体颏孔区骨折骨断端截面上正负弯矩作用较大，而且骨折侧下颌骨后牙咬合时扭矩最大；正中联合骨折时，整个牙列不同部位负载骨折截面上均只形成负弯矩，扭矩和剪应力作用较小。结论在功能负载条件下，下颌角、下颌体颏孔区及下颌正中联合等骨折断端截面上呈现出各自的生物力学特性，这些力学特性对于临床上治疗不同部位下颌骨骨折和对患者术后正确的咬合指导具有十分重要的意义。

Study of three-dimensional model on biomechanical characteristics of mandibular fractures in different site

Objective To determine the biomechanical characteristics of mandibular fractures in different site.Methods Nine adult mandibular specimens were measured precisely.The data was used to establish a three-dimensional model.When mandibular was under functional loading,the bending and torsion moment as well as shear force of angle,body and symphyseal fracture was calculated.The data were analyzed by Origin 6.0 software.Results Angle fracture had relatively high positive bending moment and high shear force.Body fracture had positive as well as negative bending moment and the highest torsion moments.Symphyseal fracture had only negative bending moment and relatively low shear force.Conclusion Angle,body and symphyseal fractures each have a biomechanics characteristic.These biomechanics characteristic should have an important meaning in the treatment of mandibular fractures and instructing patient how to bite correctly.