ICU患者痰主要病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的探讨引起重症监护（ICU）病区患者肺部感染的菌群分布及耐药性,为临床预防控制肺部院内感染及治疗提供直接可靠的参考依据。方法对ICU病区2007年1月至2008年12月期间痰标本分离培养出的主要病原菌分布及耐药性进行回顾性分析。结果痰培养分离出的病原菌以革兰氏阴性杆菌为主,首是鲍曼氏不动杆菌,依次顺序为铜绿假单胞菌、白色念珠菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌、大肠埃希氏菌、肺炎克雷伯菌等。鲍曼氏不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌耐药率最高的是复方新诺明;白色念珠菌耐药率最高的是伊曲康唑;金黄色葡萄球菌耐药率最高的是青霉素;嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对多种抗生素表现出高度耐药。结论革兰氏阴性杆菌仍是ICU病区肺部感染的主要菌群,特别是鲍曼氏不动杆菌,已成为ICU病区肺部感染的主要病原菌,且ICU肺部感染常呈交叉感染,因此预防肺部感染及交叉感染和降低耐药性已成为ICU病区当前的主要任务之一。

Main pathogen of ICU patients sputum distribution and resistance

Objective Discussion of the ICU in intensive care（ caused by）Ward lung infection in patients with bacteria and antibiotic resistance, pulmonary for clinical preventive control nosocomial infection and the treatment provided direct and reliable reference basis. Methods On the ICU in January 2007 - 2008 December sputum specimens separation of the major pathogenic retrospective analysis carried out. Results Sputum culture pathogens isolated to mainly, Gram is Bowman Thi fixed influenzae, and then click order for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida, Staphylococcus aureus, Aeromonas maltophilia, Escherichia coli bacteria, Klebsiella pneu- moniae, etc. Bowman Thi motionless, Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance rate is highest; SMZ-resistant Candida albicans rate highest is itraconazole; drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus the highest rate of penicillin; Aeromonas maltophilia on a variety of antibiotic-resistant shown. Conclusion Gram-negative remains ICU lung infection flora, especially the Bowman Thi fixed bacilli, has become an ICU tung infection in major pathogens, and the ICU lung infection often assumes the cross-infection, thus preventing lung infection and cross-infection and reduce the resistance has become an ICU currently one of the major task.