学术型医学研究生的个体化培养探讨

学术型医学研究生培养是我国医学教育体系的重要组成部分，个体化培养是其重要的培养方式。学术型医学研究生个体化培养要点为：第一，要求导师在主观感受和对研究生科研能力客观评测的基础上充分了解学生的特点，快速准确地将其划分为不同类型（A、B和c类型）。第二，借鉴管理学PDCA循环模式，针对不同类型学生的特性，在PDCA循环的各个环节，进行个体化培养．鼓励优秀生、督促中等生、帮扶差等生。从单一科研团队的应用实践表明，实施个体化培养使学术型医学研究生类型构成比从入学时的2．9％（A类型）、65．7％（B类型）、31．4％（C类型）提高到毕业时的23．5％（A类型）、68．6％（B类型）、7．9％（C类型），其科研产出明显增加，促进了整个学术型医学研究生群体培养质量的提高。

The individualized training for academic type of medical graduate students

Cultivation of academic type of medical graduate students is an important part of medical education system in our country and the individualized cultivation is an important way of training. Frist, the individualized cultivation of academic type of medical graduate students requires that supervisors fully understand the characteristics of the graduate students based on supervisors＇ sub- jective feelings and the result of scientific research test of the students.and then divide the students into three types（type A, B and C）. With reference to the PDCA cycle management model, the supervisors carry out the individualized cultivation for different types of students in various links of the PDCA cycle ,in order to encourage excellent students,urge the average students,and help the students who are behind. From the result of the individualized cultivation of academic type of medical graduate stu- dents in single research team, the proportion of students type rose from 2.9%（type A） ,65.7%（type B） and 31.4%（type C） at the beginning to 23.5%（type A）, 68.6%（type B） and 7.9%（type C） at the time of graduation. The research output is huge, so as to promote the quality of cultivation of academic type of medical graduate students.