161例原发性纵隔肿瘤及囊肿的外科治疗

目的：探讨原发性纵隔肿瘤及囊肿的临床特点、诊治方法。方法：回顾性分析我科1990年1月—2001年12月收治的161例原发性纵隔肿瘤及囊肿的临床资料。结果：以胸腺肿瘤(74例，46．0％)、神经源性肿瘤(35例，21.7％)、畸胎瘤(32例，19.9％)多见，其他肿瘤仅20例，占12．4％。肿瘤完整切除142例，姑息切除16例，探查3例，手术切除率98．1％(158／161)。术后随访3个月—8年，良性纵隔肿瘤未见复发。恶性胸腺瘤12例，1年生存率75．0％(9／12)，3年生存率58、3％(7／12)，5年生存率41.7％(5／12)。结论：本病诊断主要依靠临床症状和X线、CT检查；治疗上以手术为主，效果良好。

Surgical Treatment of 161 Cases of Primary Tumor and Cyst of the Mediastinum

Objective To evaluate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment in patients with primary tumor and cyst of the mediastinum. Methods 161 patients with primary tumor and cyst in the mediastinum from January 1990 to December 2001, were retrospectively analysed. All patients received surgical treatment and pathologic examination. Results Among 161 patients, there were 74 thymomas (46.0%), 35 neurogenic tumors (21.7% ), 32 teratomas (19.9% ) and 20 others (12.4%). A radical excision of the tumor was performed in 142 patients, palliative excision was performed in 16 patients, 3 patients underwent biopsy only. No relapse was reported in the benign primary mediastinal tumors patients who had received radical excision during the followup period of 3 months to 8 years. Malignant thymoma 12 patients, the survival rates of 1,3 and 5 - year were 75.0% (9/12), 58.3% (7/12) and 41.7% (5/12) respectively. Conclusion Besides clinical symptoms and X - ray examinations oi the chest, CT scan have great value in the diagnosis of primary mediastinal tumors. The main treatment of these tumors is surgical.