四川省绵阳市成人超重和肥胖的流行现状分析

目的 了解四川省绵阳市成人超重、肥胖的流行现状，为制定成人超重、肥胖的防控策略提供依据。方法 采用多阶段随机抽样方法，于2014年11月至2015年9月在四川省绵阳市共抽取262 434名18岁及以上居民作为研究对象，对其进行问卷调查与体格检查。结果 调查对象中，超重人数共79 981人，超重率为30.48%，男性的超重率（32.28%）高于女性（29.10%， P<0.01）；肥胖人数共23 010人，肥胖率为8.77%，男性的肥胖率（8.53%）低于女性（8.95%， P<0.01）。在不同年龄段组中，50~59岁年龄组人群的超重、肥胖检出率最高（39.26%和12.07%）。在不同文化程度组中，初中及以下人群的超重、肥胖检出率最高（35.02%和10.57%）；在不同职业组中，无业人群的超重、肥胖检出率最高（36.87%和12.65%）。涪城的超重、肥胖检出率（30.01%和10.14%）高于江油（29.97%和7.46%， P均＜0.01）。吸烟人群的超重、肥胖检出率（32.88%和9.46%）高于不吸烟人群（30.02%和8.64%， P均＜0.01）。饮酒人群的超重、肥胖检出率（33.43%和9.72%）高于不饮酒人群（29.78%和8.54%， P均＜0.01）。结论 绵阳市成人超重、肥胖检出率较高，50~59岁、初中及以下文化程度、无业、吸烟和饮酒人群的超重、肥胖情况较严重。

Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Adult Populations in Mianyang, Sichuan Province

ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in adult populations in Mianyang, Sichuan province. MethodsA questionnaire survey involving physical examinations were conducted in 262 434 adults (≥18 yr.) selected through multi-stage random sampling from November 2014 to September 2015 in Mianyang city. ResultsAmong the people surveyed, 79 981 (30.48%) were overweight, and 23 010 (8.77%) had obesity. The male participants had a higher percentage (32.28%) of overweight than females (29.10%, P<0.01), but lower obesity rate (8.53%) than females (8.95%, P<0.01). Those aged 50-59 yr. had the highest prevalence of overweight (39.26%) and obesity (12.07%). The participants with up to junior middle school education were most likely to be overweight (35.02%) and obese (10.57%). Overweight and obesity were most prevalent in the unemployed: 36.87% and 12.65%, respectively. Fucheng had higher prevalence of overweight (30.01%) and obesity (10.14%) than Jiangyou (29.97% and 7.46% respectively, all P<0.01). The prevalence of overweight and obesity was higher in the smokers (32.88% and 9.46%) than in the non-smokers (30.02% and 8.64%, all P<0.01). Those who drank alcohols had higher prevalence of overweight and obesity (33.43% and 9.72%) than those who did not drink alcohols (29.78% and 8.54% respectively, all P<0.01). ConclusionHigh prevalence of overweight and obesity in adult populations in Mianyang is evident, especially in those who are 50-59 years old, unemployed, drinking alcohols, smoking, and have low educational level.