经卵清蛋白致敏过敏性鼻炎模型豚鼠造模方法探讨

目的对经卵清蛋白（OVA）致敏过敏性鼻炎模型豚鼠造模方法进行改进。方法 AR模型动物、过敏原、致敏方式、致敏药物剂量及成模评价方法均参考有关文献进行。选择健康豚鼠经OVA致敏制作过敏性鼻炎模型。若成模率低或模型不稳定,进行造模方法的改进,即选用空白对照组分别以原剂量的1.5倍和2倍进行造模。结果本研究首次造模虽然增加了局部刺激时长,但豚鼠成模率仅为12.5%（2/16）,且不够稳定。在造模过程中,大部分豚鼠未出现喉头水肿、下呼吸道及全身过敏。追加药物剂量后,1.5倍和2倍剂量组分别有1只雌鼠和1只雄鼠的症状总分〉5分,而另1只鼠未达成模标准,造模成功率为50%（2/4）。4只豚鼠均曾观察到鼻塞,其中成模的雄鼠于第4、6次滴鼻后分别出现鼻翼翕动和呼吸困难。结论 AR模型造模成功与否可能与药物剂量、药物浓度、豚鼠体重、动物性别等有关。剂量分别增加至1.5倍和2倍时,成模时间较原剂量缩短,模型稳定程度更理想,在造模过程中未观察到显著的、因增加剂量而导致的不良反应。因此,将来可以考虑在原剂量的基础上,适当加大剂量对豚鼠进行造模。

Improvement of Modeling Method for Allergic Rhinitis Model in Guinea Pigs by Ovalbumin

Objective To improve the modeling method for allergic rhinitis model in guinea pigs by ovalbumin(OVA). Methods AR model animals,allergen,allergens route,doses of allergenic drugs and evaluation method are based on published literature.Healthy guinea pigs were stimulated to AR by OVA.If the successful rate of models in AR guinea pigs were lower or instable,doses of OVA were added to 1.5 times and 2 times respectively in the control group. Results Despite of the fact that the duration of local irritation was extended in the first modeling,the rate of successful AR model was 12.5%(2/16).In the process of modeling,most of the guinea pigs did not have laryngeal edema,lower respiratory and systemic allergies.One female from the 1.5 times group and one male from the 2 times group had total symptom scores> 5,the rest two did not meet the standard.The rate of successful AR model was 50%(2/4).All of the four guinea pigs had a history of nasal congestion,and one male in the 2 times group suffered from nasal inflammation after the fourth local irritation and breathing difficulties after the sixth time. Conclusion Whether the model of AR is successful or not may be related to drug dose,drug concentration,body weight of guinea pigs and animal gender.When the doses are increased to 1.5 times and 2 times,it takes less time to meet the successful AR model standard,and the model stability is better.Significant adverse reactions caused by increased dose were not observed.Therefore,increased dose should be considered in AR guinea pigs modeling in the future.