广西15个透析中心维持性血液透析患者治疗现况调查

目的掌握广西城市维持性血液透析患者的透析现状。方法对广西9城市15家医院透析中心进行维持性血液透析患者调查,调查年龄、性别、原发疾病、透析时限、透析频率、透析方式、主要并发症和付费方式。结果调查维持性血液透析患者586例,男性337例,女性249例,平均年龄52.03岁;前5位原发病因：慢性肾小球肾炎263例（44.88%）,糖尿病肾病108例（18.43%）,高血压肾病87例（14.85%）,梗阻性肾病36例（6.14%）,间质性肾炎33例（5.63%）。81.91%患者透析年限〈5年;60.92%单纯血液透析,血液透析加间断血液透析滤过182例（31.06%）,血液透析加间歇血液灌流47例（8.02%）;52.84%每周透析2次,37.77%每周透析次数少于2次,9.39%每周3次;约90%患者有高血压,而66.59%高血压未控制。超过一半患者出现过心力衰竭;51.53%出现骨痛;93.45%存在贫血。结论广西城市血液透析患者透析方式主要为血液透析,透析频率多为2次/周,主要并发症为高血压、心力衰竭、贫血和骨痛等,需要加强对并发症的防治。

Current status for the treatment of maintenance hemodialysis patients in 15 blood purification centers in urban areas of Guangxi

Objective To investigate the current treatment status for maintenance hemodialysis （MHD） patients in urban area of Guangxi. Methods We investigated age,sex,primary disease,dialysis age,dialysis frequency,dialysis method,complications,and payment method in MHD patients treated in 15 blood purification centers in 9 cities of Guangxi by cross-sectional study. Results We collected the data from 586 MHD patients （337 males and 249 females） with the average age of 52.03 years. The major primary diseases were chronic glomerulonephritis （44. 88%）,diabetes nephropathy （18.43%）,hypertensive nephropathy （14.85%）,obstructive nephropathy （6.14%） and chronic pyelonephritis （5.63%）. Dialysis age less than 5 years was found in 81.91% MHD patients. Hemodialysis was used in 60.92% patients,hemodialysis combined with intermittent hemodiafiltration in 31.06% patients,and hemodialysis combined with intermittent hemoperfusion in 8.02% patients. Dialysis performed twice a week was found in 52.84% patients,less than twice a week in 37.77% patients,and three times a week in 9.3% patients. All patients had complications. Hypertension presented in about 90% patients,and the hypertension was uncontrolled in 66.5% patients. More than 50% patients had had acute hear failure. Bone ache occurred in 51.53% patients,and anemia in 93.45% patients. Conclusion In urban areas of Guangxi,the major primary causes leading to end stage renal disease were chronic glomerulonephritis and diabetes nephropathy. Most MHD patients used hemodialysis twice a week. Complications such as hypertension,heart failure,anemia and bone ache are common in these patients. Therefore,prevention and treatment against complications must be emphasized.