中国18省市城市中学生欺侮行为流行现状分析

目的 了解中国城市中学生欺侮行为的流行状况.方法 在18个省、自治区和直辖市采取多阶段整群随机抽样方法,抽取城市中学生187 328名.集体填写匿名问卷.有效问卷177 578名(男生86 472名;女生91 106名),问卷有效率为94.8%.结果 欺侮行为在中学生中普遍存在,并存在多发现象,有66.1%的男生和48.8%的女生遭受1种及以上的欺侮,8.1%的男生和2.9%的女生同时遭受4种及以上欺侮.男生遭受各类欺侮行为的报告率高于女生.被恶意取笑是学生中最常见的欺侮行为,报告率为43.2%,其次为性欺侮,报告率为27.0%.除被恶意取笑和性欺侮外,其他各类欺侮行为的报告率均随着年级的增高而下降.除性欺侮外,重点初中学生各类欺侮行为的报告率高于普通初中学生;住宿生被恶意取笑、被排斥或孤立和性欺侮行为的报告率高于非住宿生;单亲或重组家庭的学生遭受欺侮的报告率较高.男生、普通高中、来自单亲或重组家庭的学生欺侮多发现象比较突出.结论 欺侮行为的发生与个体、家庭、学校等因素有关,因此应动员社会各方面力量,采取综合方式对学生欺侮行为进行干预.

The prevalence of bullying behaviors among urban middle school students in 18 provinces, China

Objective To find out the prevalence of bullying behaviors among urban middle school students in China. Methods An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among middle school students selected by multiply stage cluster random sampling in 18 provinces in China. 187 328 self- administration questionnaires were finished by students from grade 7 to 12 in urban middle school(male,86 472; female, 91 106), in which 177 578 were valid. Results Bullying was common in urban middle school students in China. Multiple bullying behavior also existed. About 66.1% of boys and 48.8% of girls suffered from one or more kinds of bullying; 8.1% of boys and 2.9% of girls suffered from four or more kinds of bullying. Boys were more likely to be bullied than girls. Malicious teasing was the most common bullying behavior(43.2%), followed by sexual bullying behavior(27.0%). In addition to malicious teasing and sexual bullying, the prevalence of other types of bullying declined when the grade was increasing. Residential students were more likely to be maliciously teased, excluded or isolated and sexual bullied than non-residential students. Students from single-parent or recomposed-families were more likely to be bullied than other students. Male and ordinary school students, students living with single or step-parents were more likely to suffer multiple bullying behaviors at the same time. Conclusion The suggesting among students was associated with personal, familiar and social factors, mobilize more social forces and comprehensive actions to be taken to prevent bullying among students.