膝关节置换的适应证及假体选择

背景：选择合适的人工膝关节对于膝关节置换患者是非常重要的。目的：结合文献探讨膝关节假体置换的适应证。方法：由第一作者采用电子检索的方式,在万方数据库（http：//www.wanfangdata.com.cn/）中检索有关膝关节置换适应证及其相应假体选择的文章,检索时间范围：2000-01/2010-12,关键词为＂膝关节置换,适应证,人工假体,生物相容性＂。经检索共查到相关文献50余篇,排除内容重复、普通综述、Meta分析类文章后,筛选纳入5篇文献进行评价。结果与结论：不同患者应根据病情、关节限制程度、固定方式和半月板功能来选择不同的人工膝关节。不同膝关节假体置换的适应证应由膝关节的骨和软组织条件决定,膝关节韧带的质量和状态、关节畸形以及关节软骨破坏的程度决定假体的选择。

Varying indications for total knee replacement and prosthesis selection

BACKGROUND：It is very important for knee replacement patients to select a suitable knee prosthesis.OBJECTIVE：To analyze the indications for total knee replacement based on reviews.METHODS：A computer-based online retrieval of Wanfang Database（http：//www.wanfangdata.com.cn/） was performed by the first author for articles regarding the indications for total knee replacement and the selection of knee prosthesis.Search time was limited from January 2000 to December 2010,with the keywords of knee replacement,indications,artificial prostheses,biocompatibility in Chinese.More than 50 articles were screened out,these duplications,general reviews and Meta analysis were eliminated,finally five articles were involved in the evaluation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：The choice of knee prosthesis should be based on the individual condition,degree of joint limitation,fixation methods and meniscal functions.Different indications for knee prosthesis depend on the bone and soft tissue in knee joint,while the quality and status of knee ligaments,joint deformity and destruction of articular cartilage determine the choice of prosthesis.