诱导多功能干细胞的研究进展

背景：由于胚胎干细胞移植存在致瘤性和伦理学争议,有关胚胎干细胞的研究及临床应用存在较大的限制。2006年Yamanaka实验室利用Oct3/4、Sox2、Klf4、c-Myc4种因子将鼠成纤维细胞重编程为诱导多功能干细胞,标志着一种新型类胚胎干细胞的问世。目的：了解诱导多功能干细胞的研究进展和应用前景。方法：由第一作者检索2006/2010PubMed数据库（http：//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed）及万方数据库（http：//g.wanfangdata.com.cn/）有关诱导多功能干细胞的产生、细胞特征、产生技术的研究进展及应用前景等方面的文章,英文检索词为＂induced pluripotent stem cells,defined factors,reprogramming,vectors,disease＂,排除重复性研究,共保留其中的69篇进行归纳总结。结果与结论：诱导多功能干细胞研究在诱导因子种类,因子导入方式,重编程效率及应用研究等诸多方面取得进展。然而体细胞重编程为诱导多功能干细胞仍存在一定的风险,重编程效率还非常低。一旦解决诱导多功能干细胞的安全性和重编程效率问题,诱导多功能干细胞就可被广泛应用于疾病模型,药物测试,细胞移植及患者和疾病特异性多功能干细胞的建立等诸多方面。

Progress regarding induction of pluripotent stem cells

BACKGROUND：There are large research and clinical application limitations on embryonic stem cells（ESCs） considering its potential oncogenicity and ethical disputes.In 2006,Yamanaka found that four factors（Oct3/4,Sox2,Klf4,c-Myc） could induce mouse embryonic fibroblasts into an embryonic stem cell-like state,which is called induced pluripotent stem cells（iPSCs） .This shows the appearance of a new kind of embryonic stem cell-like cells.OBJECTIVE：To understand progress and application of iPSCs in the field of stem cells.METHODS：The first author searched PubMed database（http：//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed） and Wanfang database（http：//g.wanfangdata.com.cn/） for literatures concerning iPSCs generation,characteristics,and research progress from 2006 to 2010.were ＂induced pluripotent stem cells,defined factors,reprogramming,vectors,disease＂.Duplicate articles were excluded.Finally,69 articles were selected.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Great progress has been made on iPSCs,includes the kind of factors,vectors,reprogramming efficiency and application research.However,there are some obstacles on somatic cells reprogramming such as potential damage of exogenous factors and vectors to cells low reprogramming efficiency.Once these problems solved,iPSCs can be widely used for disease modeling,drug test,cell transplantation and production of patient-specific iPSCs.