颈椎椎弓根螺钉置入内固定的生物力学变化及其临床特性

背景：颈椎椎弓根钉由于其独特的三维稳定性,越来越多的学者对其进行更加广泛的研究。目的：综述颈椎椎弓根解剖特点及椎弓根螺钉置钉的安全性和临床应用。方法：应用计算机检索1994-01/2010-09CNKI及PubMed数据库相关文章,中文检索词为＂颈椎弓根螺钉＂,英文检索词为＂cervicalpediclescrews＂,共检索到文献292篇,最终纳入符合标准的文献43篇。结果与结论：通过文献检索获得目前一致的观点认为颈椎弓根内固定由于是三维固定,因此可以获得良好的生物力学。但是,由于颈椎弓根周围毗邻部特殊的解剖结构,潜在血管、神经根和颈髓损伤的危险性,置入内固定风险及难度大,所以临床应用要做到个体化置钉。

Biomechanical changes and clinical characteristics of cervical pedicle screws internal fixation

BACKGROUND：More and more scholars have focused on cervical pedicle screws because of their unique three-dimensional stability.OBJECTIVE：To review the anatomic characteristics of the cervical pedicle,and to investigate the safety and clinical application of cervical pedicle screws.METHODS：The literature concerning the cervical pedicle screw internal fixation in recent years were extensively searched from CNKI and PubMed databases（1994-01/2010-09） using the keywords of ＂cervical pedicle screws＂ in Chinese and English.Forty-three articles of 292 were included in the result analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Cervical pedicle screw fixation can obtain a good biomechanics based on its three-dimensional fixation.However,due to the special anatomic structures of the cervical pedicle adjacent to the surrounding,potential risks of blood vessel,nerve root and cervical spinal cord injuries,it is difficult to the internal fixation of cervical pedicle screws with a certain risk.The clinical application of pedicle screws should be individualized.