儿童大叶性肺炎221例临床分析

目的:总结儿童大叶性肺炎的临床特点及治疗效果.方法:对221例大叶性肺炎患儿的临床症状、体征、治疗方法和疗效等进行回顾性分析.结果:221例儿童大叶性肺炎中199例(90.0%)以发热、咳嗽为主要临床症状;肺部体征阴性154例(69.7%),肺部体征阳性67例(30.3%),阳性体征包括可闻及呼吸音弱或湿啰音;病程在1周以上者151例(68.3%);221例X线胸片均可见到节段或大叶分布的大片状密度增高阴影.结论:大叶性肺炎近年发病率明显增高,已成为由细菌、病毒、肺炎支原体(MP)混合或单一感染的疾病,临床表现越来越不典型,容易误诊,在临床中发现连续发热、咳嗽、咳痰等不典型肺炎症状的患儿应及早查血常规、拍X线胸部正位片,查肺炎支原体IgM抗体(MP IgM)等,明确诊断,在病原不明确时,及时用β-内酰胺类联合大环内酯类抗生素,采用降级治疗,以免贻误病情.

Clinical analysis of 221 cases of lobar pneumonia in children

Objective:To summarize the clinical features of lobar pneumonia in children and its treatment effect.Methods: The clinical symptoms,signs,treatment and curative effects of 221 cases of lobar pneumonia in children were analyzed retrospectively.Results: Among 221 children with lobar pneumonia,199(90.0%) patients showed fever,cough as the main clinical symptoms;15 cases(69.7%) with pulmonary negative signs,67 cases(30.3%) with pulmonary positive signs,including weak breath sounds or wet rales being heard;151 c...