黑曲霉生物转化黄酮类成分研究进展

黄酮类化合物具有多种药理活性,包括抗炎、抗氧化、抗血栓、抗菌、抗病毒、降血脂等,而黑曲霉作为世界公认的安全食用性的低等真核生物而广泛应用于微生物转化,并在黄酮类成分生物转化中发挥着重要的作用。该文综述近15年来国内外关于黑曲霉生物转化黄酮类物质及其衍生物的研究进展,以期为黑曲霉的进一步开发应用提供参考。结果表明以黑曲霉为菌种转化黄酮类化合物的主要类型包括黄酮类、黄酮苷类、二氢黄酮类、查尔酮类、多甲氧基黄酮类、异黄酮类等,主要发生羟基化、脱羟基、甲基化、脱甲基、羰基化、脱羰基、糖基化、去糖基化等反应,转化机制可能是在黑曲霉产生丰富广泛酶系的参与下,发生酶促反应后产生相应转化产物。通过黑曲霉生物转化黄酮类成分研究进展,对黑曲霉应用到黄酮类成分转化的实际生产中提供理论指导,也为微生物高效转化具有药理活性的化学成分奠定理论基础和参考。

Research Progress of Aspergillus niger Biotransformation of Bioactive Flavonoids

Flavonoids have a variety of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti-thrombosis, antibacterial, antiviral, and hypolipidemic, etc. As a commonly used safe edible fungi, Aspergillus niger is widely used in microbial transformation and plays an important role in the biotransformation of flavonoids. This paper reviews the progress of biotransformation of flavonoids and their derivatives in A. niger at home and abroad in recent 15 years in order to provide reference for the further development and application of A. niger. The results showed that the main types of flavonoids participated in biotransformation were flavone, flavonoid glycoside, flavanone, chalcone, polymethoxyflavonoids, and isoflavanone. Hydroxylation, dehydroxylation, methylation, demethylation, carbonylation, decarbonylation, glycosylation, and de-glycosylation were the main reactions. The transformation mechanism may be generated with enzyme involved, and would develop conversion products after the occurrence of the above reaction. The study on the progress of the transformation of flavonoids from A. niger was carried out not only to provide theoretical guidance for the application of A. niger to the actual production of flavonoids,but also lay the theoretical basis and reference for the microbial efficient transformation of chemical compositions with pharmacological activity.