Live Oral Cholera Vaccine: Evaluation of the Clinical Effectiveness of Two Strains in Humans |
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| Authors: | Richard A. Cash Stanley I. Music Joseph P. Libonati Andrew R. Schwartz Richard B. Hornick |
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| Affiliation: | aThe Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201 |
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| Abstract: | El Tor Ogawa C14-S5 and EW-6, two live vaccine candidate strains, were given to volunteers in varying doses with and without bicarbonate. Vibrios were found in the stool of one of 32 men given the vaccine strain, and only three men developed a significant titer rise (fourfold or greater) at 2 weeks of vibriocidal or antitoxic antibody. Five men who had previously received 109 organisms of the C14-S5 strain were challenged subsequently with virulent Ogawa 395 Vibrio cholerae. The rate of clinical infection in these men was no different than in unvaccinated controls. It was demonstrated that the live oral cholera vaccines did not remain viable in the intestine long enough to act antigenically. |
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