低剂量CT对小儿多囊性肾发育不良的诊断价值

目的应用低剂量CT探讨小儿多囊性肾发育不良（Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney,MCDK）的影像诊断价值。方法 2008年2月至2009年12月经低剂量CT扫描诊断为单侧多囊性肾发育不良9例患儿;年龄1岁-12（4.79±4.56）岁。结果 CT扫描参数：120KV,60-110（85.28±13.31）mAs,有效剂量（effective dose,ED）为3.18-11.35（7.37±2.36）mSv;①患肾明显小于健肾;②囊的数目1-11（5.6±2.9）个;直径5～95（19.5±14.3）mm;③患肾动静脉发育不良或不发育;④1例患侧囊壁钙化;⑤患肾3例可见条索状的实性成份;⑥健肾代偿性增大。结论低剂量CT扫描可清楚显示MCDK病变特点,患肾较小、形态不规则,以多囊性改变为主,囊液呈水样密度,肾血管发育不良。

he Diagnostic Value of Low-dose CT to Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney in Children

Objective To explore the value of low-dose CT in the diagnosis of Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney in children.Methods From February 2008 to December 2009,9 children were diagnosed as unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney by low-dose CT.The mean age was 4.79±4.56 years old(rang 1-12 years old).Results The CT scanning technical parameters:120KV,60-110(85.28±13.31)mAs;CTDI:4.4-8.8(6.66±1.12)mGy,DLP:212-438.63(315.63±80.98)mGycm;ED:3.18-11.35(7.37±2.36)mSv.①Dysplastic kidney was obviously smaller than contralateral kidney.②The number of cystis was 1-11(5.6±2.9)and the diameter was 5-95(19.5±14.3)mm.③The vascellum of the dysplastic kidney was aplasia or dysplasia.④The calcification could be seen on the capsule wall in 1 case.⑤Cord-like solid components could be observed in 3 cases.⑥Compensatory hypertrophy of contralateral kidneys was generally expected.Conclusion The characteristics of MCDK can be clearly showed by using Low-dose CT:the dysplastic kidney is small and irregular.The characteristics of dysplastic kidney are poly-cystic changes.The density of fluid in the cystis is similar to water.The vascellum of dysplastic kidney is dysplasia.