青岛市围绝经期妇女健康状况调查

目的:了解青岛市围绝经期妇女健康状况,为制订相应的保健措施提供依据。方法:采用整群随机抽样方法,选取青岛市城郊1 600名35~59岁女性作为调查对象,进行围绝经期相关健康状况的流行病学调查。结果:妇女平均绝经年龄为(49.70±3.35)岁,84%绝经前发生月经紊乱。常见的围绝经期症状为情绪波动、潮热出汗、性生活异常、失眠、疲乏,发生率分别为36.75%、34.94%、33.19%、32.38%、31.25%,症状的发生率有年龄差异,且随年龄的增长呈增加趋势。绝经的低骨量发生率为61.70%(29/47),明显高于未绝经的9.90%(10/101)。体重指数(BMI)随年龄而增加,45~59岁BMI均数>24;慢性疾病发生率也随年龄而增加。55~59岁潮热发生率高达64.26%。年龄大、生活压力大、文化水平高、吸烟、绝经、患有慢性疾病等是影响症状的主要因素。性激素周期序贯法治疗围绝经期综合征,Kupperman评分和抑郁自评量表评分明显降低。结论:积极开展健康教育,加强自我保健,规范应用性激素,是提高围绝经期妇女生活质量的重要措施。

Survey of health status and infiunce factors of perimenopausal women in Qingdao

Objective:To investigate the health condition of perimenopausal women in Qingdao and then to provide health care for these women was made.Methods:Using cluster random sampling method and 1600 women of 35~59 years old from the selected cluster were investigated about health status and influnce factors.Results:The mean age at menopause was 49.70±3.35 years old.There were eighty-four percent of women who had dysfunctional uterine bleeding before menopause.The symptoms included emotional instability,hot flash,libido decrease,insomnia and fatigue,the prevalence rate was 36.75%,34.94%,32.94%,32.38% and 31.25%,they increased apparently along with age increasing.Hot flash was main symptom in ovarian failure period,the prevalence rate was 64.26% at 55-59 years old.The symptoms were relevant to the age,life stress,literary level,smoking,menopause,chronic diseases,etc.After women with perimenopausal syndrome received sex hormone sequential treatment,the degree of kupperman and SDS decreased signifantly than before.Conclusion:The important measures to improve quality of life in perimenopausal period were enhanced health education,self health care,scientific hormone therapy.