回族中小学生心理健康状况的干预研究

目的探讨回族中小学生的心理健康的状况及其特征;研究心理健康教育课程、团体咨询及个别咨询等不同方式结合的不同干预模式对中小学生心理健康的影响。方法采用整群抽样法,选取某市中学、小学各两所学校中各五个班的381名回族学生,以班级为单位随机分为四个实验组及一个对照组。入组时经不同模式的心理辅导干预半年后,采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)进行心理评估及比较。结果回族中小学生心理问题检出率为28.6%,人际关系等七个因子分显著高于全国中学生常模,女生在精神病性、恐怖、抑郁及人际关系四个因子上显著高于男生;采用不同模式进行心理干预后,对照组干预前后各项因子分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);模式二、三、四各因子分及总分在干预前后得分差异均无统计学意义;模式一干预前后各项因子得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论回族中小学生心理健康状况不容乐观,课程讲授、团体心理咨询和个别心理咨询结合的方式具有良好的干预效果。

An Intervention Study on Mental Health Status of the Hui Nationality Students in Elementary School and Middle School

Objective To investigate the mental health status and characteristic of elementary school and middle school students of the Hui nationality;and to study the effect on mental health through different intervention mod- els.Methods 381 Hui students come from 4 schools was randomly clusteredly divided into 4 study groups and con- trol group.Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90)was applied per group to assess and compare at enrollment and 6 months after the study respectively.Results The prevalence of psychological symptoms was 28.6%.7 factors score of the subjects were significant higher than that of norm of total middle school students.The average level of mental health of female students was inferior to male students;and there was significant difference compared with first model of study group.Conclusion The mental health status in Hui school students was not satisfactory.The combination of mental health education instruction,group counseling and individual counseling can significantly improve mental state of Hui school students.