尿毒症患者开始血液透析时血管通路调查

目的调查尿毒症患者进入血液透析时血管通路情况及影响选择通路的因素。方法选择北京市通州区潞河医院、清华大学第一附属医院、民航总医院及北京市朝阳医院一定时期内开始透析治疗的慢性肾衰竭患者共161例,按他们进入透析时血管通路情况分为长期通路组和临时通路组,对两组患者选择通路的影响因素进行对比分析。结果慢性肾衰竭尿毒症患者进入血液透析时已建立长期通路的比例较低(21%)。两组糖尿病肾病致尿毒症者、教育程度、家庭月人均收入、是否公费及建议造瘘至开始透析时间的比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论患者进入透析时是否有成熟的动静脉内瘘与患者原发病是否为糖尿病肾病及他们的受教育水平、收入情况、付费方式、医生建议动静脉造瘘术至开始透析时间有关。

Investigation of vascular access in patients with chronic renal failure when commencing hemodialysis

Objective To investigate the vascular access situation and factors affecting vascular access in patients with chronic renal failure when commencing hemodialysis.Methods 161 chronic hemodialysis patients were retrospectively evaluated in hemodialytic.The patients were divided into 2 groups according to vascular access situation:Permanent group and temporary group.Results There was significant difference of diabetic population;education situation;payment manner;month earning;the time from performing vascular access placement to commencing hemodialysis in the two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion There were many factors that whether patients have mature vascular access when they commence hemodialysis treatment.These factors are:Diabetes mellitus;educate situation;cost manner;month earning;the time between performing vascular access placement and commencing hemodialysis.