经鼻内窥镜泪囊窝造口大隐静脉或唇黏膜移植再造泪道:18例分组比较

背景:国内外对严重泪道阻塞的治疗,还没有理想的方法.如何改进手术方式,选择合适的移植材料,提高治疗效果,容易让患者接受是泪道阻塞诊治研究工作者的课题.目的:评估经鼻内窥镜泪囊窝造口自体大隐静脉或居黏膜移植泪道再造的有效性和安全性.设计、时间及地点:对比观察,于2005-04/2007-06在武装警察部队总医院完成.对象:选择武装警察部队总医院收治的上、下泪小管严重阻塞合并泪囊缺失或萎缩患者18例伯眼.方法:根据移植材料分为2组,大隐静脉组9例,口唇黏膜组9例.大隐静脉组采用自体大隐静脉移植,口唇黏膜组采用自体口唇黏膜移植.对2组患者移植后泪道通畅情况、泪溢症状改善的程度和并发症等做统计分析.主要观察指标:移植后带管期间泪溢症状改善情况,拔管后泪道探查冲洗情况,拔管后第12周泪道放射性核素~(99)Tc~m(TcO_4~-)显影检查核素入鼻时间,判定治疗效果.结果:两组患者移植后带管3个月期间,泪溢症状即可得到不同程度的改善.拔管后第12周,泪道放射性核素88Tcm显影检查,核素入鼻时间分别为(8.58±4.3)min和(9.16±5.8)min,两组差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05).大隐静脉组和口唇黏膜组的治愈病例分别是6例和5例,好转病例均为2例,无效病例数分别为1例和2例.结论:经鼻内窥镜泪囊窝造口自体大隐静脉或唇黏膜移植泪道再造治疗严重泪道阻塞安全、有效,自体大隐静脉和唇黏膜作为移植材料各有优缺点.

Lacrimal duct reconstruction with grafting of great saphenous vein or labial mucosa via endoscopic transnasal dacryocystorhinostomy A group comparison in 18 cases

BACKGROUND:There are no ideal methods for treating severe obstruction of lacrimal ducts in the world.How to improve operation method,select suitable transplantation material,elevate therapeutic efficacy,or to be accepted by patients is a topic of worker of diagnosis and treatment of obstruction of lacrimal ducts.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of lacrimal-lake-nasal lacrimal duct reconstruction with grafting of autogenous great saphenous vein or labial mucosa via endoscopic transnasal dacryocystorhinostomy.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:This controlled study was conducted at the General Hospital of Armed Police Force from April 2005 to June 2007.PARTICIPANTS:A total of 18 patients(18 eyes)with severe canalicular obstruction combined with lacrimal sac defect or atrophy were enrolled at the General Hospital of Armed Police Force.METHODS:Two groups were set up according to graft material,including a great saphenous vein group(n=9)and a labial mucosa group(n=9).The great saphenous vein group received autogenous great saphenous vein transplantation,whereas the labial mucosa group received autogenous labial mucosa transplantation.Lacrimal duct unobstruction,epiphora improvement and complication were statistically analyzed in patients from both groups following transplantation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Epiphora improvement during tube wearing after transplantation and irrigation of lacrimal duct after removing the tube were measured.Radioactive nuclide ~(99)Tc~m(TcO_4~-)developing examination was used to detect time of entering nose of nuclide to judge therapeutic efficacy.RESULTS:Epiphora in patients from both groups were alleviated in various degrees during 3 months postoperatively,the period with the silicone tube.In the 12~(th) week after silicone tube was removed,TcO_4~-scintigraphy showed eye-nose time was (8.58±4.3)minutes and(9.16±5.8)minutes respectively.There was no significant difference between both groups(P＞0.05).The primarily results showed 6 patients were cured entirely,2 patients were meliorated,1 patient with no effects in the great saphenous vein group;5 patients were cured entirely,2 patients were meliorated,2 patients with no effects in the labial mucosa group.CONCLUSION:Lacrimal-lake-nasal lacrimal duct reconstruction with grafting of great saphenous vein or labial mucosa via endoscopic transnasal dacryocystorhinostomy was an effective and safe surgery for treating severe lacrimal duct obstruction.Different grafts had their advantages and disadvantages respectively.