芜湖市钉螺分布特征与态势及防控策略

目的 目的 了解安徽省芜湖市钉螺分布特征与变化趋势， 为制定血吸虫病防治对策提供科学依据。 方法 方法 采用回顾性调查与分析的方法， 根据1997-2012年钉螺调查结果， 按照不同年份、 不同水系、 不同环境和不同县 （区） 分别统计新发现和复现钉螺面积， 分析钉螺复现与消灭年限的关系。 结果 结果 1997-2012年芜湖市累计新发现钉螺面积3 479.42 hm2 ， 主要集中在江滩地区； 累计复现钉螺面积1 648.08 hm2 ， 主要集中在内陆地区。钉螺复现距消灭年份最长达26年， 主要集中在 3～12年。 结论 结论 江滩面积的增加和灌溉系统钉螺扩散是导致芜湖市钉螺面积增长的主要原因， 加强灌溉系统钉螺控制是降低内陆钉螺复现的主要手段。

Distribution characteristics, trend and control strategy of Oncomelania hu- pensis snails in Wuhu City from 1997 to 2012

Objective To understand the emerging and re-emerging trend of Oncomelania hupensis snails in Wuhu City from 1997 to 2012, so as to provide the evidence for developing schistosomiasis control strategy. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted. The emerging and re-emerging snail areas were investigated in various years, water systems, settings and countries （districts） based on the historical snail survey results. Results The accumulative emerging snail area from 1996 to 2007 was 3 479.42 hm2, which was mainly found in marshland areas; while the aceumulative re-emerging snail area was 1 648.08 hm2, which was mainly concentrated on the inland areas. The longest duration from snail re-emergence to snail elimination was 26 years, and the majority of the duration ranged from 3 to 12 years. Conclusion It seems impossible to avoid snail emergence and re-emergence in Wuhu City, which is closely associated with the natural environment and the implementation of schistosomiasis control measures.