皖南地区中学生伤害危险因素的病例对照研究

目的：探讨中学生伤害的危险因素。方法：按性别、年龄、班级1：1配对原则，选择254例伤害病例和对照，采用单因素和多因素条件logistic回归分析。结果：单因素分析发现父亲年龄、父亲文盲、母亲文盲、家庭经济收入、家庭和睦程度、知道交通常识、常爬高、接受安全教育、独生子女、外向型性格、防范措施不健全、住房周围危险环境及高危行为与伤害发生有关；多因素分析发现高危行为(OR=18．0600)、防范措施不健全(OR=12．6455)、常爬高(OR=9．6552)、父亲文盲(OR=7．7191)、住房周围危险环境(OR=5.7402)、外向型性格(OR=5.4707)、母亲文盲(OR=3．0581)是中学生伤害的危险因素；而接受安全教育(OR=0.2356)、家庭和睦(OR=0．4941)、独生子女(OR=0．5233)、知道交通常识(OR=0．5340)、家庭经济较好(OR=0．5609)是中学生伤害的保护因素。结论：中学生伤害是多因素相互作用的结果，应采取干预措施，改变其伤害的影响因素。通过健康教育、消除环境危险等策略来控制伤害的发生。

A case-control study on the risk factors of injuries in middle school students in southern part of Anhui province

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors of injuries in middle school students and to provide basis for the prevention and reduction of such incidence. METHODS: 1:1 case-control study was conducted on 254 cases and 254 controls on a basis of sex, age and grade. The relationship between risk factors and injuries were analyzed by conditional univariate and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Seven risk factors responsible for the incidence of injury were identified as follows: high risk behaviors (OR = 18.0600), negligence of defence (OR = 12.6455), scramble (OR = 9.6552), father being illiterate (OR = 7.7191), risky environment around their houses (OR = 5.7402), extrovert temperament (OR = 5.4707) and mother being illiterate (OR = 3.0581). We also distinguished 5 protective factors as follows: education on safety (OR = 0.2356), harmonic relation between parents (OR = 0.4941), one-child per families (OR = 0.5233), students were more knowledgeable and having positive attitude towards road traffic (OR = 0.5340) and high economy level (OR = 0.5609). CONCLUSION: The injuries in middle school students were caused by multiple factors, hence should carry out intervention measures to modify the influencing factors of injuries. Injury prevention and control program should focus on certain strategies such as education and supervision of environment hazards.