外科危重病人胃肠内喂养的常见并发症及其处理策略

目的评价外科危重病人肠内营养支持过程中出现的一些常见并发症及其处理策略.方法回顾性总结120例肠内营养支持治疗大于10天的外科重症患者出现的常见并发症.结果误吸、呕吐、腹胀、腹泻和高血糖的发生率分别是5.0%、17.5%、31.7%、38.3%、27.5%.结论开始使用胃肠时要严格把握肠内营养的应用指征,选择合理的肠内营养支持方案;根据患者的胃肠道功能调整胃肠道喂养的量和速度,遵循循序渐进的原则,预防并有效的处理其并发症;昏迷或老年病人行肠内喂养时最重要的是防止误吸.

The common complications and therapical strategies of gastrointestinal feeding in surgical critically ill patients

Objective To evaluate common complications and therapical strategies of surgical critically ill patients during enteral nutrition.Method: To summarize retraspectively some common complications of surgical critically ill patients needing enteral nutrition more then 10 days.Results Accident rate of aspiration, vomitting, abdominal distention, diarria, hyperglycemia is correspondingly 5.0%, 17.5%, 31.7%, 38.3%, 27.5%. Conclusion To grasp strictly the indication of enteral nutrition when patients start to use gastrointestinal tract and to select optional protocol of enteral nutrition. Doctors should adjust the volume and speed of enteral feeding according to patients' gastrointestinal function. Doctors should also obey Principle of gradual proceeding to predict and treat these complications effectively . It s very important for comatose or geriatric patients to avoid aspiration during enteral nutrition.