静脉输注方式与化疗性静脉损伤关系的实验研究

目的探讨不同静脉输注方式对化疗性静脉损伤程度的影响。方法将12只健康家兔随机分成A、B两组各6只，A组双侧耳缘静脉分别按1ml／min（快速组）、0.25ml／min（慢速组）静脉注射化疗药物（盖诺）；B组双侧耳缘静脉分别采用0.9％氯化钠注射液10ml（低容量组）、20ml（高容量组）稀释盖诺后静脉注射。24h后光学显微镜下观察兔耳静脉局部病理改变。结果慢速组免耳静脉血管内皮肿胀、炎细胞浸润程度显著重于快速组（均P〈0.05），高容量组血管内皮肿胀、血管周围水肿、炎细胞浸润和血管周围出血显著重于低容量组（P〈0.05，P〈0.01）。结论静脉输注速度过慢，容量过大，都有可能增加化疗药物性静脉炎的损伤程度，临床中应根据药物性质选择合理的容量和注射速度，以减少对血管的损伤。

Relation Between Antitumor Drugs Induced Phlebitis Secondary and Different Intravenous Infusion Methods

Objective To study the damage severity of peripheral vein by taking different intravenous infusion methods.Methods Twelve healthy rabbits were randomly divided into groups A and B (n=6 in each group). In group A, intravenous injection of NVB (1 ml/min, quick injection group; 0.25 ml/min, slow injection group) was performed on ear veins at both sides. In group B, intravenous injection of 0.9% normal saline (10 ml, low volume group; 20 ml, high volume group) was done on ear veins at both sides. Twenty-four h later, local pathological changes in rabbit ear veins were observed under a light microscope.Results In slow injection group, swelling of vascular endothelial cells and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the ear veins were more severe than in quick injection group (P<0.05 for all). In low volume group, swelling of vascular endothelial cells, edema around blood vessels, infiltration of inflammatory cells and bleeding around the blood vessels were significantly milder than those in high volum group (P<0.05 for all). Conclusion When antitumour-drugs being infused, changing the infusion methods will result in different intravenous damages.