苏州市吴江区年手足口病发病与气候的关联分析

目的评价苏州市吴江区手足口病患者的发病及病情、病原体与气象特点的关联性,为本地区手足口病的防治提供参考。方法收集苏州市吴江区所具有儿科病房的3家医疗机构2016—2019年收治的手足口病(HFMD)患者发病特点、病原体分布,同时调查该地区平均气温、最高气温、最低气温、平均气压、降水量、平均相对湿度、平均风速等气象因素,分析气象因素与手足口病发病的相关性。结果苏州市吴江区于2016-2019年手足口病的发病情况如下:2016年5567例(675.1823/10万),2017年3238例(388.8373/10万),2018年7106例(845.1796/10万),2019年5085(594.1572/10万)。吴江区2016—2019年HFMD患者的病原体分布结果:EV71型:56.06%,57.13%,65.65%,77.99%。CoxA16型:22.65%,13.78%,16.16%,16.05。其他肠道病毒:21.16%,26.53%,17.44%,18.53%。EV71、CoxA是吴江区HFMD的主要致病源。在气象因素中,平均气温、降水量和HFMD的发病数成正相关(P<0.05);平均风速、相对湿度、日照时和HFMD的发病无相关性。结论气象因素中气温、降水量会增加HFMD的发病率,控制EV71、CoxA16病毒传播可有效控制HFMD的发生、传播。

Correlations of meteorological factors with morbidity of hand,foot,and mouth disease in Wujiang District,Suzhou

Objective To investigate the correlations of meteorological factors with the occurrence,disease condition and pathogen distribution of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)in Wujiang District,Suzhou City,and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of HFMD in this area.Methods During the period of 2016 to2019,patients'clinical characteristics and the pathogens'distribution of HFMD in 3 hospitals of Wujiang District were collected.The correlation between meteorological factors and the occurrence of HFMD was analyzed.Spearman rank correlation test was conducted to analyze which meteorological factors were correlated with the morbidity of HFMD.Results During the period of 2016 to2019,The occurrence of HFMD in Wujiang District were as follows:5567 cases(6751823/100000)in 2016,3238 cases(3888373/100000)in 2017,7106 cases(8451796/100000)in 2018 and 5085 cases(594.1572/100000)in 2019.From 2016 to 2019 pathogen distribution was as follow:EV71 type:56.06%,57.13%,65.65%,77.99%.CoxA16 type:22.65%,13.78%,16.16%,16.05.Other enteroviruses:21.16%,26.53%,17.44%,18.53%.EV71 and CoxAwere the main pathogens of HFMD in Wujiang District.Among meteorological factors,average temperature and precipitation were positively correlated with the incidence of HFMD(P<0.05).There was no correlation between mean wind speed,relative humidity,sunshine time and the occurrence of HFMD.Conclusion In meteorological factors,temperature and precipitation may increase the occurrence rate of HFMD.To control the spread of EV71 and CoxA16 virus can effectively control the occurrence and spread of HFMD.