长春市60岁以上老年人群眼病调查研究

目的了解长春市60岁以上老年人群眼病情况。方法选择2010年2月～2012年2月长春市60岁以上的常驻老年人。采取整群随机抽样法，对符合条件的1000名对象进行眼病筛查，所有调查对象均进行统一的眼病筛查相关知识培训，并由专门的负责人发放、填写、收集筛查表。同时对患者行视力检查，主要项目包括视力及矫正视力、裂隙灯显微镜检查、眼底检查和眼压测定。结果长春市1000名老年人中，双眼盲20例（2％），男女比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。不同年龄组间矫正视力不同区间比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。白内障、黄斑变性、视网膜静脉阻塞是导致老年人群中眼盲的主要原因，分别占29．5％、22．9％、16．4％，白内障、屈光不正、黄斑变性是导致老年人群中低视力的主要原因，分别占30．8％、22．1％、21．3％。结论长春市老年眼病患者中白内障占大多数，且盲、低视力现象明显，年龄越大，病情越严重，防盲治盲工作任重而道远。

Oculopathy investigation and research value of elderly population aged over 60 year in Changchun City

Objective To understand the situation of oculopathy among elderly population aged over 60 year in Changchun City. Methods The elderly aged over 60 from February 2010 to February 2012 in Changchun City were collected. 1000 objects were selected by cluster random sampling method and underwent eye disease screening. All respondents were given unified eye disease screening related knowledge training, and the screening table were issued, filled in, collected by the special person in charge. Patients were given examination of visual acuity at the same time, the main items included vision and corrected vision, slit-lamp microscopy, fundus examination, and intraocular pressure measurement. Results Among 1000 cases of the elderly in Changchun City, double blind eyes were 20 cases （2%）, and the difference was statistically significant between men and women （P 〈 0.05）. Compared different range of vision correction, differences among different age groups had statistical significance （P 〈 0.05）. Cataract, macular degeneration, retinal vein occlusion were the leading causes of blindness in the elderly population, the proportion were 29.5%, 22.9% and 16.4% respectively. Cataract refractive errors, refractive error, macular degeneration were the main causes of low vision, the elderly proportion were 30.8%, 22.1% and 21.3% respectively. Conclusion Cataract patients in Changchun City is majority among all elderly patients with oculopathy, and the phenomenon of blindness and low vision is obvious. With the age increase, the disease is more serious. There is a long way to go for blindness prevention and treatment.