模拟渡海登陆训练官兵心理调查及干预对策

目的探讨一套适合渡海登陆作战的心理干预方法，减少战争神经症与精神病。方法演习后采用军人常见生活事件量表，演习前、中、后采用自拟渡海登陆演习问卷，分别对1336名模拟渡海登陆作战官兵进行调查，提出心理干预对策。结果（1）军人常见生活事件量表总分：33．6％军官〈20分，42．2％军官〉32分；38．0％战士〈20分，35．9％战士〉32分，高于常模值，表明本组官兵精神压力较大。（2）自拟问卷表结果：对良好心态持否定态度的，演习前占77．觎，演习中76．3％，演习后41．5％。说明整个群体承受了较大的精神压力。结论高技术局部战争的心理战有着不可低估的杀伤威力，应对参战官兵进行有效的心理干预和针对性健康教育，以增强其心理承受力，调动主观能动性，从而保障战斗力。

Psychological Characteristics and Intervention Strategy of Military Officers and Soldiers during Simulated Sea-crossing Landing Training

Objective To explore a series of psychological intervention for sea-crossing landing operations to decrease neurosis and psychosis. Methods The Army Daily Life Event Scale Questionnaires were used to investigate 1 336 officers and soldiers in seacrossing landing maneuver to understand their mental characteristics before, during and after maneuver. Then mental interventional measures were employed on them. Results （1）By Army Daily Life Event Scale Questionnaires, 33.6% of officers were scored less than 20, 42.2% of them more than 32, 38.0% of soldiers less than 20 and 35.9% of soldiers more than 32, all falling beyond the norm, indicating the officers and soldiers took greater pressure mentally. （2）The self-designed questionnaire survey showed 77.6% of the ofricers and soldiers before maneuver, 76.3% during maneuver and 41.5% after maneuver were negative in taking a better mental attitude, indicating all of them took great mental pressure. Conclusion The psychological warfare at local hi-tech war renders great influence on soldiers and officers. It is necessary to perform mental intervention over the soldiers and officers at war. Pertinent instruction for them is a need to strengthen them against the pressure and stimulate their activeness so as to ensure the battle effectiveness.