河南省1963～2002年百日咳流行动态及控制策略分析

目的掌握河南省40年来百日咳的流行病学特征及其影响因素,为制定免疫策略和预测疫情趋势提供依据。方法对河南省不同免疫阶段的百日咳流行病学特征进行分析。结果河南省40年来共报告百日咳3 065 075例,死亡572例。大致可分4个阶段:1963~1978年,年平均发病率为293.47/10万,死亡43例;1979~1983年,年发病率为87.70/10万~17.78/10万,呈逐年下降趋势,死亡6例;1984~1990年,发病率为1.28/10万~6.73/10万,死亡1例;1990年以后发病率为0.25/10万~1.00/10万,连续10年无死亡病例。表明随着百日咳疫苗接种率的不断提高,不但大大降低了百日咳的发病率和死亡率,也改变了其流行周期。结论目前的免疫策略首先应继续做好儿童常规免疫,其次应加强百日咳疫情管理,提高疫情报告的及时性、准确性。

Analysis on Epidemiology in 1963-2002 and Control Strategy on Pertussis in Henan Province

Objective To know epidemiological characteristics of Pertussis of different immune stages of Henan Province.Method The epidemiological law and influence factor of the pertussis in Henan Province has been analyzed to offer the basis on which make the immune tactics and predict the epidemic situation trend.Results The results showed that during 40 years in Henan Province,the reported cases of pertissis were(3 065 075),572 case were dead.There were 4 stages: in the first stage,during 1963-1978,the morbidity was(2 934.70)/million,43 were dead;in the second stage,during 1979-1983,the morbidity was 877.00-177.80/million,6 were dead;in the thirdstage,during 1984-1990,the morbidity was 12.80-67.30/million,one was dead;and in the last stage,after 1990,the morfidity was 2.50-10.00/million,the mortality was O during 10 years.These demonstrated that the vaccine inoculation has not only lowered the incidence rate and death rate of the pertussis greatly,but also have changed its popular laws.Conclusion So, firstly the present immune tactics should work well the children's routine immunity continuously,then we should streghen the management in time the reporting and the accuraus of the epidemic.