重庆市农村居民糖尿病患病现状及影响因素分析

目的了解重庆市农村居民糖尿病患病情况,探讨其影响因素,为开展农村地区糖尿病综合防控提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,在重庆市30个农村区县抽取18岁及以上的常住居民2 406人进行糖尿病知识问卷调查、体格测量和实验室检查。结果该人群糖尿病患病率为12.59%,年龄标化患病率为11.80%,患者糖尿病知晓率为23.10%。不同性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、家庭年收入的人群糖尿病患病率不同,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,不同体质指数、饮酒或不饮酒者、是否进行规律性体育锻炼的人群糖尿病患病率不同,高血压患者糖尿病患病率（27.46%）明显高于非高血压患者（8.41%）,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01,P〈0.05）。logistic回归分析表明,年龄、性别、家庭年收入、体质指数和高血压是糖尿病的独立影响因素,年龄越大、女性、肥胖或超重、高血压人群患糖尿病的几率大于低龄、男性、体重正常或偏低及非高血压患者人群,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论重庆市农村居民糖尿病患病率较高,知晓率低,患病形势严峻,应采取针对性措施有效地预防与干预糖尿病危险因素,降低糖尿病的发生。

Prevalence and influencing factors of diabetes among rural residents in Chongqing city

Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of diabetes in rural area of Chongqing and to provide the basis for preventing and controlling diabetes in rural area. Methods Multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to select 2 406 residents （ ≥ 18 years old） in rural areas of Chongqing, the human investigation was performed by questionnaire and physical examinations. Results The morbidity of diabetes was 12.59% and standardized morbidity was 11.80%. The rate of diabetes awareness was only 23.10%. The morbidities of diabetes among groups of different gender, age, education level, marital status, family income, body mass index （BMI）, drinking habit and exercise were significantly different （P〈0.01）. The morbidity （27.46%） of hypertension patients was significantly higher than that （8.41%） of non-hypertension patients （P〈0.01）. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, gender, family income, BMI and hypertension were independent influencing factors of diabetes mellitus （P〈0.01）. Conclusion The morbidity of diabetes is high but the rate of diabetes awareness is low in rural area of Chongqing. The preventive measures for risk factors should be taken to reduce the occurrence of diabetes.