深圳市居民2008-2013年脑卒中流行特征分析

目的了解深圳市居民2008-2013年脑卒中流行特征,为制定卫生政策和干预措施提供科学依据。方法分析2008-2013年脑卒中监测数据。结果深圳市2008-2013年脑卒中新发病例82 337例,发病率为136.39/10万,中国人口标化率为263.67/10万,世界人口标化率为363.92/10万,发病率年均增长率为3.54%。男性发病率高于女性,男、女性别比为1.52∶1,男、女性发病率均随年龄的增大而升高。脑卒中亚型中,出血性脑卒中20950例,占全部发病的25.5%,缺血性脑卒中61 272例,占74.4%,缺血性脑卒中发病率为101.49/10万,发病率年均增长率为4.26%,出血性脑卒中发病率为34.70/10万,发病率年均增长率为1.61%,缺血性脑卒中发病率增长快于出血性脑卒中;高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常和冠心病等危险因素在缺血性脑卒中中所占比重高于出血性脑卒中。结论深圳市居民脑卒中发病率处于较高水平,且发病率呈逐年上升趋势,男性及中老年人是脑卒中的高危人群,需及时采取合理的社区干预措施遏制脑卒中发病的快速上升。

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of cerebral stroke in residents of Shenzhen city from 2008 to 2013

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of cerebral stroke in residents of Shenzhen city from 2008 to 2013, and to provide the basis for health policy and intervention measures. Methods Data of stroke surveillances system in Shenzhen city from 2008 to 2013 were collected and analyzed. Results There were 82 337 new cerebral stroke cases from 2008 to 2013 in Shenzhen. The incidence was 136.39/100 000, the age-standardized rates by Chinese standard population and world standard population were 263.671100 000 and 363.921100 000, respectively. The annual percent change （APC） was 3.54%. The stroke incidence of males was higher than of females, the ratio of males to females was 1.52：1. The incidence of stroke increased with age. Among all stroke episodes, 25.5% （20 950 cases） of patients were hemorrhagic stroke and ＂74.4% （61 272 cases） of patients were isehemie stroke. The incidence of ischemie stroke was 101.49/100 000 and the APC was 4.26%. But the incidence of hemorrhagic stroke was 34.70/100 000 and the APC was 1.61%. The incidence of ischemic stroke enhanced quickly, as compared with hemorrhagic stroke. Some risk factors （hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and coronary heart disease） were more important in ischemic cerebral stroke than in hemorrhagic cerebral stroke. Conclusion The incidence of cerebral stroke in Shenzhen is high and still increasing. Males and elderly residents are the high-risk groups, the effective community intervention measures should be taken immediately to control the incidence of cerebral stroke.