神经外科患者发生压疮的危险因素分析

目的分析神经外科患者发生压疮的危险因素,并制定有效的预防和治疗对策。方法 154例神经外科患者根据是否发生压疮分为发生压疮组（n=30）和未发生压疮组（n=124）,比较两组患者在年龄、性别、并发症、住院时间、白蛋白水平、Braden得分、意识状态、疾病种类和活动能力等方面的差异性,采用非条件Logistic回归方法分析术后压疮发生的危险因素。结果两组患者在糖尿病发病人数、住院时间、白蛋白水平、Braden得分、意识状态和活动能力等方面比较有显著差异性（P〈0.05）;经Logistic回归分析,意识障碍、活动能力差和Braden得分过低均为压疮发生的独立危险因素。结论意识障碍、活动能力差和Braden得分过低均为神经外科患者发生压疮的独立危险因素,采取有效防治对策可降低压疮发生率。

Risk Factors and Countermeasures for Neurosurgical Patients with Pressure Sores

Objective To analyze the risk factors of pressure sores in neurosurgical patients, and develop effective prevention and treatment strategies.Methods A total of 154 neurosurgical patients were divided into pressure sores group （n = 30） and none pressure sores group （n = 124） according to the occurrence of pressure sores, and the differences in age, gender, complications, hospitalization time, albumin level, Braden score, state of consciousness, disease type and ac tivity and etc were compared between the two groups.Non-conditional Logistic regression analysis was applied for the risk factors of postoperative pressure ulcer.Results There was significant difference among the incidence of diabetes, duration of hospitalization, albumin level, Braden score, state of consciousness and activity, etc （P 〈0.05） . Unconsciousness, poor activities and poor Braden score were the independent risk factors of pressure sores.Conclusion Consciousness, poor ac- tivities and low Braden score are the independent risk factors for neurosurgical patients with pressure sores, and applica tion of effective countermeasures can reduce the incidence of pressure sores.