Behavioral and psychosocial effects of intensive lifestyle management for women with coronary heart disease |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, United States;2. Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, United States;3. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States;4. Physician Services Division, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States;5. University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States;6. Arbor Research for Collaborative for Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States;7. Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University, United States;1. Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California;2. Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois;3. Institute of Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois;4. Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;5. RTI Center for Communications Science, RTI International, Seattle, Washington;6. Sutter Health, Sutter Health Center for Health Systems Research, Palo Alto, California;7. College of Health and Human Services, San Diego State University, San Diego, California;8. Latin American and Latino Studies department, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California |
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| Abstract: | Females, especially older women, historically have been excluded from coronary heart disease (CHD) studies. The PrimeTime program was a randomized clinical trial designed to study the effects of a comprehensive lifestyle management program (very low-fat vegetarian diet, smoking cessation, stress-management training, moderate exercise, and group support) on changes in behavioral risk factors among postmenopausal women with CHD. The study also explored program effects on four psychosocial clusters: coping with stress, distress, social support, and self-efficacy. The program produced significant behavioral improvements in 4- and 12-month adherence to diet, physical activity, and stress-management in the PrimeTime women compared to the Usual Care (UC) group. In addition, the PrimeTime participants demonstrated improvements relative to UC on psychosocial measures of self-efficacy, perceived social support, and ability to cope with stress. Strengths and weaknesses of the study, and implications for future research are discussed. |
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