实时三维超声在胎儿心脏检查中的应用进展

先天性心脏病是心脏和大血管在胎儿时期发育异常所引起的畸形,是婴幼儿死亡的最常见原因.目前常规使用的二维胎儿超声心动图由于受到胎儿体位、声窗及检查者诊断经验等因素的限制,诊断准确性不高,且检查时间较长.随着超声技术的不断进步,实时三维超声成像技术能立体、直观地显示胎儿心脏的形态、结构及功能,对产前胎儿心血管畸形的发现,尤其是严重畸形的检出具有重要价值.本文就实时三维超声的成像原理、成像模式以及在胎儿心脏检查中的应用做一综述.

Application progress of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography in examination of fetal heart

Congenital heart disease is the malformation caused by dysplasia of heart and large vessel during fetal period, it is the most common cause of infant death. General usage of two - dimensional fetal echocardiography has shortages of lower dignostic precision and longer time consuming process because of the limitation of fetal position, acoustic window and dignostic experience of examiners. With the development of ultrasonic technique, real - time three - dimensional echocardiography is gradually mature, it shows morphology, structure and function of fetal heart more solidly and visually, it also has important value in discovery of prenatal fetal cardiovascular malformation, especially for major anomalies. This article reviews the imaging principle, imaging mode and application of fetal heart screening by real - time three - dimensional echocardiography.