电解质紊乱与小儿感染性腹泻病原学的相关性

目的探讨电解质紊乱与小儿感染性腹泻病原学的相关性。方法用ISE法测定258例感染性腹泻患儿血清钾钠氯,用偶氮砷III法测定患儿血清钙,经细菌培养和快速轮状病毒抗原酶标诊断试剂鉴定感染性腹泻的致病原。结果病毒性腹泻患儿并发电解质紊乱80.7%(75/93);低钠血症的发生率在细菌感染性腹泻与病毒性腹泻组之间的差异具有显著性(p<0.01);虽然各种小儿感染性腹泻均可引起低钾血症,但在细菌组与病毒组之间的差异并不具有显著意义;高氯血症可见于各种感染性腹泻,以病毒性腹泻多见。结论小儿感染性腹泻为临床常见病、多发病,大多数感染性腹泻患儿伴有血清电解质紊乱,了解电解质紊乱与病原学的相关性,及时纠正各种电解质紊乱,有助于小儿感染性腹泻的及时治愈。

The relation of etiology of infectious diarrhea and electrolyte disturbances in children

Objective To study the relation of etiology of infectious diarrhea with electrolyte disturbances in children.Methods Using ISE method to detect the levels of serum potassium,natrium and chlorine in the patients with infectious diarrhea,using chemical method to detect the levels of serum calcium while the pathogens were identified with bacterial culture and detected with rapid ELISA reagents for rotavirus antigen.Results 80.7%(75/93) of the patients with virus diarrhea are coincidence with electrolyte disturbances.There is meaningful difference(p<0.01) between the incidence rate of bacterial infection and virus infection in the patients of hyponatremia with diarrhea;of kaliopenia no meaningful difference.In the patients of the hyperchloraemia that with virus diarrhea is more frequently.Conclusions Infectious diarrhea commonly and frequently occurring in children is mostly concurrence with electrolyte disturbances.Studying the relationship of electrolyte disturbances with pathogen to modulate the levels of electrolytes is useful for the fast recovery.