贵州省织金县燃煤污染型氟中毒病区7年监测分析

目的　总结和分析燃煤污染型地氟病监测中的问题，为巩固和推广改灶防氟已取得的防治成果提供科学资料。方法　按国家规定的统一方法对监测点的监测结果进行对比。结果　两个监测点室内空气氟，初次检测均值分别为０．００７４、０．００５４ｍ ｇ／ｍ ３，７年后为０００１８、０００３９ｍ ｇ／ｍ ３。室内存放玉米氟含量，初次为１９５、３０２１ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ，７年后为１４．０５、３０．９５ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ。辣椒氟含量，初次为２８３６４、６７３９３ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ，７年后为４６５６５、４１９８２ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ。儿童尿氟，初次为２２４、４１８ｍ ｇ／ Ｌ，７年后为２４６、３３６ｍ ｇ／ Ｌ。氟斑牙检出率，初次为９４５％ 和１００％ ，７年后为５３９％ 、８９９％ 。两监测点炉灶维修巩固率分别为７２％ 和３６％ ，两者差异有显著性意义。结论　监测点氟污染仍然严重。通过辣椒摄氟将成为主要流行途径。炉灶维修巩固率决定了改灶防氟的长期效果，亦说明了改灶防氟的重要性，应加强宣教与管理的投入。

Analysis of 7 years' monitoring on coal-burning pollution endemic fluorosis in the state test spot in Zhijin county of Guizhou province

Objective To analysis and sum m arize the findings of m onitoring on coal burningpolluted type of endem ic fluorosis for further stability of fluorosis prevention by im provem ent ondom estic stove. M ethods Nationalstandards w ere em ployed. Results Initial m onitoring results inthe tw o spots show ed that indoor air fluoride levels w ere 0.0074 and 0.0054m g/m 3,7 years later0.0018 and 0.0039m g/m 3;fluoride contents in the stored corn w ere,initially 19.5 and 30.21m g/kg,7 years later 14.5 and 30.95m g/kg;fluoride contents in the baked chili w ere,initially 283.64and 673.93m g/kg,7 years later 456.65 and 419.82m g/kg;urine fluoride levels in children w ere,initially 2.24 and 4.18m g/ L,7 years later 2.46 and 3.36m g/ L;incidences of dentalfluorosis w ere,initially 94.5% and 100% ,7 years later 53.9% and 89.9% . M aintenance rates of the im provedstoves at the tw o spots w ere 72% and 36% ,w ith significant difference. Conclusions Fluoride pol lution in the m onitoring spots are still severe. Proper use and m aintenance of the im proved stovesare the basis for better preventive effects of stove installation in fluorosis area. It has been provedthat stove installation is of im portance in control of endem ic fluorosis. Adm inistration and propa gate and education should be strengthened in the area.[