全麻查眼底患儿家属术前焦虑状态及护理需求的调查

目的了解全麻查眼底患儿家属的焦虑状况及对护理工作的需求，分析与焦虑有关的因素。方法采用状态一特质焦虑量表和自行设计的调查问卷，对82例已诊或拟诊视网膜母细胞瘤的患儿家属在术前1d进行调查。结果患儿家属状态焦虑、特质焦虑得分均高于常模（男性：t=7．826，P〈0．01；女性：t=15．278，P〈0．01），其状态焦虑主要与患儿家属的性别、手术时与患儿的暂时性分离、担心此次入院疗效不佳等因素有关（P〈0．05）；特质焦虑主要与患儿的化疗史、全麻查眼底手术史以及手术时与患儿的暂时性分离有关（P〈0．05）。家长对护理工作的需求中减轻患儿恐惧占72．0％、护理技术过硬占70．7％、态度和蔼占64．6％、普及疾病知识占48．8％等。结论患者家属的焦虑情况与多种因素有关，应该针对患儿及其家属的特点进行护理，根据其对护理工作的需求为其及患儿提供相应的护理措施，降低患儿家属的焦虑程度，确保患儿在最佳状态下进行手术。

Investigation on family members' pre-operative anxiety and nursing demands before eye-ground examination under general anesthesia in sick-children

Objective To investigate family members' anxiety status and nursing demands and analyze the related factors.Methods Anxiety level and nursing demands of 82 family members were investigated by nurses with self-designed Strate-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the questionnaires one day before eye-ground examination for children with retinoblastoma.Results State anxiety and trait anxiety scores of family members were higher than those of general population model (Male:t=7.826,P<0.01; Female:t=15.278,P<0.01). The state anxiety was related to family member gender, temporal separation from RB children during the operation and worrying about this time's therapy outcome (P<0.05); while the trait anxiety was mainly related to chemotherapy history, temporal separation from RB children during the operation and history of eye-ground examination under general anesthesia (P<0.05). Nursing demands included RB children terror alleviation (72.0%), good nursing skills (70.7%), gentle temper (64.6%) and disease knowledge popularization (48.8%), etc.Conclusions Family members' anxiety level was related to multiple factors, and appropriate nursing measures should be provided according to their characteristics so as to alleviating family members' anxiety level and to ensure favorable cooperation of RB children.