上肢皮神经及其营养血管皮瓣的应用解剖

目的：为上肢皮神经及其营养血管为蒂的岛状皮瓣提供解剖学依据。方法：在34侧经动脉灌注红色乳胶的成人上肢标本上，解剖观察了上肢皮神经及其营养血管的来源、走行、分布、吻合及外径；2侧成人新鲜上肢标本墨汁灌注，观测营养血管的墨染范围。结果：上肢所有皮神经都有来源于知名血管的营养血管伴行，在神经旁形成纵向血管链，除营养神经外，发出众多皮支深筋膜血管网、皮下血管网广泛吻合营养皮肤。结论：以上肢皮神经及其营养血管为蒂可设计顺利或逆行岛状皮瓣。

Applied anatomy of island flap pedicled with the nutrient vessels of cutaneous nerve in upper limb

Objective: To provide anatomical basis for the island flap pedicled with the nutrient vessels of cutaneous nerve in upper limb.Methods: The origins, courses, distributions, anastomosis and diameters of cutaneous nerve and their nutrient vessels in the upper limb were observed on 34 adult cadaveric upper limbs whose arteries were perfused with red latex.The ink marked region of 2 fresh upper limb specimens were observed after they were perfused with black ink.Results: All cutaneous nerves were accompanied with nutrient vessels originating from known vessel.Those nutrient vessels form longitude vessel net to supply the cutaneous nerves and skin, and give out minute branches to anastomose underlying fascia and subcutaneous vessel net. Conclusion: The direct or converse island flaps pedicled with neurocutaneous nutrient vessels in upper limb can be designed.