Abstract: | A large group of ester derivatives of tylosin-related macrolides was prepared in which the hydroxyl groups at C-3 and C-4' were acylated by either chemical or biochemical methods. Most of the derivatives exhibited excellent in vitro antimicrobial activity. However, only the 3,4'-diacyl derivatives of tylosin and macrocin showed any significant improvements of in vivo efficacy against experimental infections in rodents. |