严重烧伤恐怖性神经症的心理状态分析研究

目的 对严重烧伤后发生的恐怖性神经症患进行心理状态分析。方法 本就43例恐怖症患的年龄、性别、烧伤严重程度及烧伤创面处理方法等与恐怖类型的关系进行了临床症状、心理状态的分析研究。结果 (1)小儿以单一恐怖和处境恐怖为主，成人则以伤病和社交恐怖为主；(2)女性恐怖症发生率高于男性，尤其是12岁以上的女性患；(3)烧伤严重程度与恐怖症发生率呈正相关；(4)采用包扎疗法的烧伤创面恐怖症的发生率远高于暴露疗法。结论 烧伤后及康复期尽快消灭烧伤创面、矫正畸形、改善功能障碍、美容成形、减少伤残程度、重塑自我等，是预防或减少烧伤恐怖症发生率的关键。

Analysis of the mental state of burn patients with postburn phobic neurosis

Objective To analyze the mental state of burn patients with postburn neurosis, so as to pave the way for solving the problem. Methods The clinical symptoms and the mental states of forty-three burn patients with phobic neurosis were analyzed in terms of age, sex, severity of burn injury and methods of burn management in accordance with phobic objects. Results (1) Simple phobia and circumstance phobia were mainly found in children, whereas sick phobia and social phobia were in adults. (2) Phobic neurosis happened more often in female, especially those above 12 years old, than in male patients. (3) The burn injury severity was positively correlated with the incidence of phobic neurosis. (4) There was higher incidence of phobic neurosis in patients treated with bandaging than those with exposure method. Conclusion It was very important to close burn wound as soon as possible, to correct deformity, to improve dysfunction, to perform cosmesis and plastic surgery and to rebuild patients self-esteem in order to prevent or decrease the incidence of postburn phobic neurosis.