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Effect of Various Fly Ash and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Content on Concrete Properties: Experiments and Modelling
Authors:Zhiwei Qu  Zihao Liu  Ruizhe Si  Yingda Zhang
Institution:1.Centre for Infrastructure Engineering and Safety, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;2.Architecture Course, Graduate School of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu 808-0135, Fukuoka, Japan;3.Institute of Civil Engineering Materials, School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China;
Abstract:Concrete is known as the most globally used construction material, but it releases a huge amount of greenhouse gases due to cement production. Recently, Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) such as fly ash and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS) have been widely used in concrete to reduce the cement content. However, SCMs can alter the mechanical properties and time-dependent behaviors of concrete and the early age mechanical properties of concrete significantly affect the concrete cracking in the engineering field. Therefore, evaluation of the development of the mechanical properties of SCMs-based concrete is vital. In this paper, the time development of mechanical properties of concrete mixes with various fly ash and GGBFS was experimentally investigated. Four different cement replacement levels including 0%, 20%, 30%, and 40% by fly ash and GGBFS as well as ternary binders were considered. Compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, and elastic modulus of concrete were measured until 28 days. Three additional concrete mixes with ternary binders were also cast to investigate the early-age autogenous shrinkage development until 28 days. In addition, prediction models in existing standards were used and compared to experimental results. The comparison results showed that the prediction models overestimated the compressive strength but underestimated the splitting tensile strength development and autogenous shrinkage. As a result, a model capturing the effect of fly ash and GGBFS on the development of compressive and splitting tensile strength is proposed to improve the prediction accuracy for current standards and empirical models.
Keywords:concrete  mechanical properties  fly ash  GGBFS  autogenous shrinkage  prediction model
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