新型冠状病毒感染相关急性黄斑区神经视网膜病变的神经眼科特征

目的：总结新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)感染相关急性黄斑区神经视网膜病变(AMN)的神经眼科特征。

方法：纳入2022-12-27/2023-02-01就诊于西安市第一医院(西北大学附属第一医院)神经眼科并经相关检查确诊为AMN的患者8例(6例女性，2例男性)共14眼纳入本次研究。所有患者病前均有SARS-CoV-2感染史。收集患者的临床资料。纳入最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、非接触间接眼压测定、眼底彩色照相、近红外成像(IR)、频域光学相干断层扫描(SD-OCT)、OCT血流成像(OCTA)、眼底荧光素血管造影(FFA)、吲哚菁绿血管造影(ICGA)、视野、视觉诱发电位(VEP)和视网膜电流图(ERG)检查结果。对纳入患者的神经眼科特征进行分析总结。

结果：纳入的8例患者年龄20-43(平均30±6.63)岁。病前3-11(平均5±3.51)d有SARS-CoV-2感染史，8例患者中有6例在感染SARS-CoV-2的5 d内出现视觉症状。患者的临床表现为视力下降或视物遮挡感； 纳入患者的视力0.08-1.0； 视野缺损表现为中心、旁中心暗点或合并周边暗点。VEP可见P100或P2峰时延迟； ERG提示视网膜感光细胞 功能受损。在疾病早期，SARS-CoV-2感染相关AMN患者可能存在视力、视野和视网膜外层病变大小及形状可能不匹配的情况，并发现视力越低，VEP峰时越迟。

结论：除眼底多模影像，SARS-CoV-2感染相关AMN的神经眼科特征需要临床医师关注，视功能及电生理可以辅助临床更加全面评估患者及判断预后。

Neuro-ophthalmic features of SARS-CoV-2 associated acute macular neuroretinopathy

AIM: To explore the neuro-ophthalmological characteristics of acute macular neuroretinopathy(AMN)after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

METHODS: A total of 8 patients(14 eyes), including 6 females and 2 males, who were diagnosed with AMN in the neuro-ophthalmology department of Xi''an No.1 Hospital(The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University)from December 27, 2022 to February 1, 2023 were included in the study. All patients had a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection before the disease, and the results of best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), non-contact indirect intraocular pressure measurement, fundus color photography, near infrared(IR), spectral-domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT), OCT angiography(OCTA), fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA), indocyanine green angiography(ICGA), visual field, visual evoked potential(VEP), and electroretinogram(ERG)were collected. Furthermore, the neuro-opthalmology characteristics of the included patients were analyzed and summarized.

RESULTS: The included 8 patients aged from 20 to 43, with an average age of(30±6.63)years old. The patients had a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection 3 to 11(mean 5±3.51)d before the disease, and 6 out of 8 patients developed visual symptoms within 5 d of infection with SARS-CoV-2, with manifestated with decreased vision or visual scotoma. The visual acuity varied from 0.08 to 1.0, with visual field defect characterized by central, paracentral or peripheral scotoma. VEP showed prolongation latency of P100 or P2, and ERG revealed impaired function of retinal photoreceptor cell. In the early stage of the disease, the size and shape of early visual acuity, visual field, and extraretinal lesions in patients with AMN associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection may not match, and the lower the visual acuity, the later the VEP peaks.

CONCLUSION: The neuro-ophthalmic features of SARS-CoV-2 infection-associated AMN require the attention of clinicians. In addition to multi-mode fundus imaging, clinicians should use a variety of methods to comprehensively evaluate visual function and prognosis of patients.