SARS流行时期医务人员防护及效果评价

目的了解广东省有急性传染性非典型肺炎(SARS)接触史的医务人员在防治SARS时期的个人防护状况,评价防护措施对预防SARS感染的效果. 方法对广东省9所诊治SARS的医院中所有有SARS接触史的工作人员进行调查. 结果1 645名调查对象中有 152例感染SARS,其中有79.61%的确诊时间在2003年2月,随时间推移而确诊病例数迅速减少;同时,所有调查对象在第1次接触SARS时对各项防护工具的使用率随时间推移而增加,趋势检验均有统计学意义;第1次接触SARS时使用各项防护工具的医务人员感染SARS的频率均低于没有使用者;9所医院医务人员对防护工具使用率和感染率也呈负相关关系,相关系数为-0.7386,P值为0.023. 结论对与SARS患者接触的医务人员,采取积极有效的防护措施能大大降低感染的风险,从而保护其身体健康.

Protective Measures to Medical Personnel and Their Effectiveness in SARS Prevention During the SARS Outbreak in Guangdong Province

OBJECTIVE To study protective measures used by individual medical personnel who had a history of contacting severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) during the outbreak of SARS in Guangdong Province and to evaluate the effectiveness of the protective measures in preventing SARS infection. METHODS Epidemiological survey was made in employees who had a history of contacting SARS in nine hospitals where SARS patients were diagnosed and treated in Guangdong Province. RESULTS Among 1 645 people surveyed, 152 were infected by SARS, of which 79.61% were diagnosed in Feb 2003. Afterwards, the number of diagnosed SARS case declined quickly. In the mean time, the use rate of protective measures increased significantly (P< 0.05) among the employees in their first contact with SARS patients. SARS infection rate in medical personnel who used protective measures was lower than those who did not use the protective measures in their first contact with SARS patients. The rate of using protective measures was negatively correlated with the SARS infection rate in medical personnel in the nine hospitals (r= 0.7386, P= 0.0230). CONCLUSIONS Active and effective protective measures significantly reduce the risk of SARS infection and protect the health of hospital employees who have to contact SARS patients.