先天性肛门闭锁的影响因素分析

目的 探讨新生儿先天性肛门闭锁发生的影响因素。方法 以2011年1月至2014 年12月广东省佛山市17 家医院收治的70例先天性肛门闭锁患儿作为病例组,选择与病例组同期住院、无肛门闭锁及其他严重畸形的新生儿70例作为对照组。采用单因素分析和多因素logistic 回归分析探讨先天性肛门闭锁发生的影响因素。结果 单因素分析显示,病例组和对照组两组在母亲是否高龄、孕早期是否口服叶酸、孕早期有无感染、有无羊水过多及新生儿性别方面比较差异有统计学意义 (P < 0.05)。多因素logistic 回归分析显示,孕早期感染 (OR = 18.776)和男性新生儿 (OR = 9.304)为先天性肛门闭锁的危险因素,母亲孕早期口服叶酸 (OR = 0.086)是保护因素。结论 母亲孕早期感染为先天性肛门闭锁发生的高危因素;男性新生儿患先天性肛门闭锁的风险大于女性;母亲孕早期补充叶酸可减少先天性肛门闭锁的发生。

Risk factors for congenital anal atresia

ObjectiveTo investigate the risk factors for the development of congenital anal atresia in neonates. MethodsA total of 70 neonates who were admitted to 17 hospitals in Foshan, China from January 2011 to December 2014 were enrolled as case group, and another 70 neonates who were hospitalized during the same period and had no anal atresia or other severe deformities were enrolled as control group. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the risk factors for the development of congenital anal atresia.ResultsThe univariate analysis revealed that the age of mothers, presence of oral administration of folic acid, infection during early pregnancy, and polyhydramnios, and sex of neonates showed signiifcant differences between the case and control groups (P<0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that infection during early pregnancy (OR=18.776) and male neonates (OR=9.304) were risk factors for congenital anal atresia, and oral administration of folic acid during early pregnancy was the protective factor (OR=0.086).ConclusionsInfection during early pregnancy is the risk factor for congenital anal atresia, and male neonates are more likely to develop congenital anal atresia than female neonates. Supplementation of folic acid during early pregnancy can reduce the risk of congenital anal atresia.