2001／2007年某医院老年住院患者疾病谱及死亡谱分析

目的考察一段时间内老年住院患者疾病谱及死亡谱特点，为老年人的医疗保健及疾病控制提供参考。方法采用回顾性资料分析方法对某医院2001／2007年老年住院患者资料进行统计分析。结果各年度疾病谱中，循环系统、肿瘤、消化系统和呼吸系统疾病始终居前四位，内分泌、营养、代谢与免疫系统疾病排位逐年上升。各年度死亡谱中循环系统、肿瘤和呼吸系统疾病始终排前三位，糖尿病的病死率显著下降。结论老年人易患循环系统、肿瘤、消化系统和呼吸系统疾病。老年病与由生活方式和生活环境所导致的慢性病密切相关。疾病防控机构应加强对有关医疗保健知识的宣教工作，引导居民树立正确的卫生保健观念、养成良好的生活习惯。

Analysis of Disease and Death Spectrum of Elderly In-patients in a Certain Hospital between 2001 and 2007

Objective By investigating the characteristics and changes of the disease and death spectrum of elderly in-patients during a period of time to supply reference for medical and health care and disease control. Methods Data of elderly in-patients of a certain hospital between 2001 and 2007 was reviewed and statistically analyzed. Results The disease spectrum according to system indicated that diseases of circular system, tumor, digestive system and respiratory sys tern occupied the first 4 positions. And the disease of incretion, nutrition, metabolism and immunity system increased its position year by year. The first 10 diseases of each year included cerebrovascular diseases, hypertension, coronary heart disease, carcinoma of lung, bronchitis and obstructive physema, diabetes mellitus, cataract, upper respiratory infection, cholelithiasis, bone fracture, glaucoma,poeumonia,gastritis and peptic ulcer, and benign prostatic hperpalsia. The death spectrum according to system indicated that diseases of circular system, tumor, and respiratory system occupied the first 3 positions. The first 10 diseases in each year included cerebrovascular diseases, carcinoma of lung, bronchitis and obstructive physema, carcinoma of liver, respiratory failure, diabetes mellitus, carcinoma of stomach, injury and poison, coronary heart disease, poeumonia, leukaemia, hypertension, lung infection, uraemia, obstructive pulmonary disease. The mortality of diabetes mellitus decreases significant. Conclusion The elderly people are easily suffered from diseases of circular system, tumor, digestive system and respiratory system. These diseases are closely related with chronic diseases caused by the customs and environments. The health organization should strengthen the propaganda and education of medical and hygienical knowledge, and induct people to build up the correct ideas and customs.