伯氨喹啉对实验动物心脏的损害——组织学和超微结构的观察

为了观察伯氨喹啉的毒性作用,我们用不同剂量的伯氨喹啉对狗、猴和大鼠作毒性试验,着重检查动物心脏的形态病变。看到大多数中毒狗的心肌有颗粒交性,嗜伊红变性、空泡变性,凝固性坏死和溶解坏死,少数有炎症反应,狗心脏传导系统也有上述多种组织病变。电镜检查见中毒狗心肌纤维内线粒体肿胀、横管肌浆网扩张,肌原纤维密集或溶解、核畸形、染色质凝聚,甚至细胞坏死。病变随用药剂量增大而加剧。这些病变可设想为临床心脏功能变化的形态学证据。实验大鼠也有少数出现心肌嗜伊红变性。实验猴未见明显的心脏病变而有明显的肝脏病变。不同种类的实验动物对伯氨喹啉的中毒反应虽有差异,但心脏损害应视为8-氨基喹啉类药物的重要毒性作用。

THE TOXIC EFFECT OF PRIMAQUINE ON THE HEARTS OF LABORATORY ANIMALS-A HISTOLOGICAL AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL INVESTIGATION

It has been known that quinoline antimalariai drugs may cause inhibition of heart conduction or Adamsstokes syndrome. Its morphologic bases were obscure, We observed the histological and ultrastructural features of dogs, monkey and rats, in the toxic experiments of primaquine, with the stress on the heart. Myo-cardial granular degeneration, eosinophilic degeneration, coaggulation necrosis,vacuolar degeneration and colliguative myocytolysis were found in most of the intoxicated dogs. The heart conduction systems of dogs also showed above mentioned lesions. Electro-microsopically the myocardial cells of intoxicated dogs showed swelling of mitochondria, dilatation of transvers tubules and sarcoplasmic reticulum, fusion or dissolution of myofibrils, deformity of nuclei, clumping of chromatin,and evertually cell necrosis. The severities of lesions were parallel to the doses of the drug used.These lesions were supposed to be the morpholoic bases of the intoxication symptoms and signs caused by primaquine. A few experimental rats also revealed myocardial eosinophilic degeneration, No important cardiac lesion was found in the experimental monkeys, but the pathologic changes in the liver were obv :ous. Different Species of laboratory animals showed different sensitivitiss to primaquine, but the heart lesions should be considered an important toxic effect of primaquine.