选择性椎体供血动脉栓塞的动物实验研究

目的 通过对实验犬进行选择性椎体供血动脉栓塞的研究，旨在建立椎体急性缺血模型以及探讨影响栓塞结果的因素，为临床更好地实施脊柱肿瘤术前动脉栓塞提供理论依据。方法 用明胶海绵对12只实验犬分别行单节段和多节段选择性腰动脉造影和栓塞，栓塞后1－7d内观察后肢功能情况、靶节段椎体、脊髓MRI表现和病理改变。结果 栓塞单节段（双侧）或多节段腰动脉者均引起椎体不同程度的缺血、坏死改变。栓塞单根腰动脉者，不管靶动脉是否发出根髓动脉其靶椎体未见明显变化和未发生瘫痪；栓塞多节段腰动脉者有1只犬发生不全。在栓塞单节段以上腰动脉的脊柱节段水平可背部肌肉发生不同程度的缺血坏死表现。结论 （1）选择性动脉栓塞可用于椎体急性缺血模型的制作，为椎体缺血性病变的实验性诊断和治疗研究提供可能。（2）单节段动脉栓塞难于使整个椎体缺血坏死。（3）多节段动脉栓塞时有可能引起并发症，特别是栓塞范围内存在根髓动脉时。（4）在作选择性脊柱动脉检塞时，必要时应行保护性栓塞。

The experimental study of selective arterial embolization in the lumbar spine of dogs

Objective To establish the model of acute spinal infarction, to evaluate the relative factors affecting results in spinal embolization, and to provide the theorial basis with the preoperative embolization of spinal tumors. Methods Through the SAE of the lumbar arteries, the neuro function of the posterior legs of dogs, MRI findings, and pathologic changes of the spinal specimen were observed in 12 dogs. The embolizing agents was gelfoam(GF). Results The significant ischemia changes of spinal column and the corresponding muscles at the occluding spinal after embolizing more than one segmental arteries occurred in 9 dogs, but there were no paraplegia or obvious changes in 3 dogs having been embolized single lumbar arteries no matter they sent out the radiculomedullary artery(RA) or not. Paraplegia occurred in one dog after embolizing the multisegmental arteries. Conclusion (1) The method of SAE in dog can be used to set up the experimental model of the acute ischemia of spine. (2)The occlusion in single segmental arteries can not result in the infarction of the whole spine. (3)The serious complication may result from embolizing multisegmental spinal arteries (especially sending out RA) (4) The protecting embolization should be carried out in order to decrease the reaction during SAE in spine.