注射毒品者AIDS/STD感染状况及其高危行为的性别差异

目的 了解注射毒品者的艾滋病病毒（HIV）和梅毒感染情况及其影响因素的性别差异,探索性别因素在艾滋病（AIDS）和性病防治中的作用.方法 对2001年5月至2002年6月,对北京市强制戒毒所和社区招募的注射毒品者232人进行匿名问卷调查,调查结束后采取静脉血5ml,检测HIV和梅毒螺旋体感染情况.结果 男性注射毒品者166人,HIV感染率为7.83%,梅毒螺旋体感染率2.41%;女性注射毒品者66人,HIV感染率6.06%,梅毒螺旋体感染率为12.12%.梅毒螺旋体感染率的性别差异有统计学意义,女性高于男性.而且,在人口学特征、毒品使用行为、性行为等方面都存在显著的性别差异.结论 注射毒品者的艾滋病高危行为模式有性别差异,女性的高危性行为在艾滋病传播中的意义和作用,在艾滋病的防治工作中应予以考虑.

Study of STD&HIV infection among injecting drug users and gender difference in high risk behaviors

Objective To examine HIV and syphilis infection prevalence among injecting drug users and gender difference in high risk behaviors,and also to explore the role of gender in the prevention of HIV and STD.Methods Injecting drug users selected from the Beijing mandatory detoxification center and those recruited from community between May,2001 to June,2002 were investigated by anonymous questionnaires.Blood samples were tested for HIV and leptospira syphilis after the questionnaires were filled out.Results HIV infection rates among male and female IDUs were 7.83% and 6.06%,respectively,and the rewas virtually no difference between them.The syphilis infection rates in female drug users was 12.12%,and was higher than those in male drug users(2.41%).There were statistically significant differences between female and male drug users in demographic characteristics,drug using behaviors and sexual behaviors.Conclusion The high risk behaviors of female drug users were different with those of male drug users.Female IDUs played a greater role in HIV and STD transmission than male IDUs,and so the gender role should be taken into account in the prevention and control of AIDS.