糖尿病视网膜病变缺血再灌注损伤中相关调控因子的研究进展

糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）是一种常见的缺血性眼病。DR视网膜缺血再灌注（RIR）损伤的缺血过程、再灌注损伤过程及其结局3个阶段中氧化应激、钙超载、一氧化氮（NO）、兴奋性氨基酸（EAA）等因素引起多种炎性介质和基因过度表达，进而造成炎症反应、损伤、凋亡和坏死等组织改变和功能障碍。这些过程受凋亡基因、促红细胞生成素、单核细胞趋化蛋白1、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）、基质细胞衍生因子-1、NO、一氧化氮合酶（NOS）等多种相关因子的调控。就其中主要调控因子的特点及临床应用方面的研究进展进行综述。

Research progress in regulatory factors of ischemia reperfusion injury induced by diabetic retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy（DR） is a kind of often ischemic ophthalmopathy. In three stages of ischemia,reperfusion injury and its ending of retinal ischemia reperfusion（RIR） injury is induced by DR. Many inflammatory mediators and genes are expressed excessively because of oxidative stress, calcium overloading, nitric oxide, excitatory amino acid and other factors and further lead to inflammatory reaction, injury, apoptosis, necrosis, histopathology change and dysfunction. These courses are regulated by many related factors such as apoptotic genes, erythropoietin, monocyte chemotactic protein-l, vascular epithelial growth factor,basic fibroblast growth factor, stromal cell-derived factor-1, nitric oxide, nitric oxide synthase. The characters and clinical application of major regulatory factors in RIR of DR were summarized.