自理理论在肾移植术后患者护理中的应用

目的 评价Orem的自理理论对肾移植术后患者的应用效果。方法将肾移植术后患者随机分为两组。对照组实行常规护理，观察组根据术后患者的自理能力应用Orem的自理理论进行护理。观察并记录两组患者术后下床活动时间、平均住院天数及术后感染（肺部感染、尿路感染、口腔感染）发生情况。结果观察组患者术后感染、下床活动时间和住院天数均优于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论自理理论应用于肾移植患者术后护理，可提高患者的自理能力，减少术后感染率，使下床活动时间提前，缩短平均住院天数，减轻患者的经济负担。

The Application of Orem Self Care Theory in the Nursing of Patients after Renal Transplantation

Objective To evaluate the effect of the application of Orem Self Care Theory in the nursing of patients after renal transplantation. Methods Patients after renal transplantation were randomly divided into 2 groups ： observation group and control group ; routine nursing was made in control group while nursing with the application of Orem Self Care Theory was made in observation group aeeording to the self - care ability of the patients ; out of bed activity time average days of hospitalization and infection occurrence after operation （ pulmonary infection urinary tract infection and oral infection） of the patients in both groups were observed and recorded. Results The infection occurrence, out of bed activity time and hospitalization days of observation group were superior to those of control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions The application of Orem self care theory in the nursing of the patients after renal transplantation may raise their self - care ability, decrease the rate of infection after operation advance the out of bed activity time, shorten the average days of hospitalization and reduce their financial burden.