慢性肾衰竭小鼠模型的建立及生物学特征

目的：通过制备小鼠慢性肾衰竭（CRF）模型,观察小鼠的生物学特征,有助于研究CRF的发病机制,预防终末期肾病的发生.方法：30只6-8周龄C57雄性小鼠适应性饲养1周后,5/6肾切除法（5/6 NX）切除模型组左肾上下极,1周后切除右肾,6周后处死.动态观察小鼠一般情况、血清常规和生化指标、测量体重和血压变化,检测肾脏组织病理学的变化.结果：与假手术组和正常对照组相比,模型组小鼠6周后出现体重减低、血清高尿素氮、高肌酐、高磷、贫血、血压升高和尿量增多（均P〈0.05）.肾脏病理发现残肾单位代偿性肥大,系膜基质增生,胶原沉积增多.结论：5/6 NX是理想的CRF小鼠模型制作方法,CRF小鼠具有营养不良,高血压和钙磷代谢紊乱等特征.

The Model of Chronic Renal Failure in Mouse and Its Biological Characteristics

Objective：We produced the model of chronic renal failure （CRF） in mice which will help us study the patho genesis of CRF to prevent the occurrence of ESRD. Methods：30 C57 male mice （6 - 8 weeks＇ old） were adapted for 1 week. Then the model group underwent unilateral renal ablation by 5/6 nephrectomy （5/6 NX）. The upper and low poles of the left kidney were cut. The right kidney was removed 1 week later. All the mice were executed at 6 weeks. The general conditions, serum biochemical parameters, measurement of body weight and blood pressure changes were observed. The detection of renal histopathological changes was also made. Results：Compared with the sham group and the normal control group, the model group lost weight, had higher serum urea nitrogen, creatinine, phosphorus, blood pressure, urine output and anemia （P 〈 0.05, respectively）. The residual renal units of the model group got compensatory hypertrophy, proliferative mesangial matrix, and increased collagen deposition. Conclusion：The 5/6 NX was an appropriate way to produce the CRF model. CRF mice had many characteristics such as malnutrition, high blood pressure, calcium and phosphorus metabolism disorder and et al.