长沙高校大学生健康素养影响因素的有序Logistic回归分析

目的 探讨长沙市高校在校大学生健康素养现状及其影响因素,为优化高校健康教育提供科学依据。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样的方法抽取大学生进行问卷调查,并对相关影响因素进行单因素和有序Logistic回归分析。结果 对2181份有效问卷（问卷回收率85.2%）分析,学校类别、年级、性别、专业和父亲受教育程度为影响大学生健康素养水平的独立因素,其表现为：随年级升高而降低（OR=1.14）;一本院校高于二本、三本及专科院校（OR分别为0.50、0.60、0.77）;女生高于男生（OR=0.77）;医学专业高于非医学专业（OR=0.83）;父亲受教育程度越高健康素养水平越高（0R分别为0.20、0.28、0.30、0.32）。结论 父母受教育程度对大学生形成良好的健康素养有非常积极的意义;不同类别的院校应采取不同的策略开展健康教育,非重点院校与非医学院校（或非医学专业）尤其要加大健康教育力度;重点关注新生、高年级学生及男生健康素养状况。

Ordinal regression analysis on influence factors of Health Literacy Among College Students in Changsha

Objective To investigate the status of health literacy among college students and its influence factors in Changsha. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 2181 college students selected by stratified cluster random sampling from colleges in Changsha. Single factor analysis and ordinal logistic regression model were used to explore the influence factors of health literacy Results The recovery rate of the questionnaire was 85.2%. Health literacy level of college students tended to be lower as the their age increase（OR=1.14）.Oppositely, health literacy of college students whose fathers received higher education was higher. Students whose fathers received University and above education the health literacy level was highest（0R=0.20）.Students at the first-class universities showed highest health literacy, followed by students at the second-class universities and the third-class universities, then those at associate colleges(OR=0.50,0.60,0.77).Medical student and female students whose health literacy level was higher than that of non- medical students and male students, respectively（OR=0.83,0.77）.Conclusion Health literacy is positively relate with the education level of college students’ parents. Different types of colleges and universities should take different strategies to carry out health education. Particularly, regular universities and associate colleges should strengthen and improve health education. We should pay more attention to the status of the health literacy of some students, such as freshmen, high grade students, male and non-medical students.